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CBN Records N165bn Surplus in 2024
By Tony Obiechina, Abuja
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has recorded a surplus of N165 billion in 2024 as its bottom-line improved from a deficit position of N1.3trn in 2023.This was contained in its financial statement just released by the apex bank and the 2024 Financial Position Indicates Improved Performance.
According to the apex bank, the turnaround is a direct consequence of effective containment of expenditure, gains on investments made by the Bank and increased income from foreign exchange transactions. The 2024 financial statement also reflects the Bank’s commitment to economic stability, sound policy implementation, and strategic financial management, highlighting improvements in external reserves, asset quality, cost efficiency and overall bottom-line improvement.The External Reserves recorded an increase from $36.6bn in 2023 to $38.8bn in 2024. This is largely attributable to improvement in accretion to external reserves from portfolio investors, diaspora remittances and Federal Government receipts following improvement in the confidence in the economy, facilitated by better coordination with the Nigerian National Petroleum Company (NNPC) and diaspora engagement strategies. Also, proper investment management decisions aimed at boosting the reserves of the Bank.This performance reflects the CBN’s firm commitment to external sector stability, ensuring Nigeria is better positioned to meet its international obligations, stabilize the Naira, and boost macroeconomic confidence.The financial statements also show a notable reduction in loans and receivables from N16.1trn to N11.9trn. This is primarily attributed to significant recoveries from earlier intervention lending programs, a deliberate policy shift away from intervention lending and monetary financing through ways and means in line with the Bank’s new stance on allowing market mechanisms to drive credit allocation and financial sector development.The Bank also said other Operating Expenses in 2024 were well-managed and optimized, reflecting a cost-conscious culture. This was achieved through strategic cost rationalization initiatives, including reduction in non-essential spending and streamlined operations across regional branches and departments.In line with the Financial Reporting Council (FRC) regulatory requirement on ICFR, the Central Bank was able to carry out an assessment of its internal controls which was further certified effective by the joint external audit team.As a testament to the effectiveness of this initiative, the joint external auditors issued an independent assurance report declaring the Bank’s ICFR framework to be “effective” for the 2024 reporting period.While the Bank’s 2024 financial results reflect operational improvements, some expenditure lines posed challenges.One of the notable upticks in the Bank’s expenses in 2024 was related to liquidity management operations. These costs rose to N4.5trn from N1.5trn in 2023. This increase was in tandem with the tightening monetary policy stance adopted to combat inflationary pressures throughout the year. In pursuit of that the Bank conducted more frequent and higher-value Open Market Operations (OMO) to mop up excess liquidity arising from fiscal injections at a significant cost.This is a responsibility the CBN is carrying out on behalf of the Federation, in some jurisdictions; this cost is borne by the Government.The financial statements also reflect an increase in the loss on settled derivative contracts during the year from N6.3trn in 2023 to N13.9trn in 2024. This development is a direct consequence of the high volume of derivative contracts settled by the Bank in 2024. These are legacy transactions which the current management met on resumption of their office. This proactive settlement effort was undertaken as part of management’s broader strategy to Reduce outstanding foreign exchange liabilities, thus lowering its FX exposure, boost net foreign reserves, thereby improving Nigeria’s external buffer and investor confidence, restore credibility to Nigeria’s forward markets and address legacy obligations transparently.The improved performance of the Central Bank of Nigeria in 2024 is not coincidental but a product of deliberate and strategic management efforts.With these developments, the Bank’s leadership has reinforced governance and accountability, instilled operational discipline, and pursued a balanced monetary policy stance, ensuring price and financial system stability.According to the Bank, these reforms have collectively repositioned the CBN as a credible monetary authority, with its 2024 financial results serving as proof of its unwavering resolve to support economic recovery, safeguard financial stability, and build public trust.
By Tony Obiechina, Abuja
Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy Wale Edun has emphasized the crucial role of the capital market in achieving the nation’s ambitious goal of becoming a $1 trillion economy.Edun, who spoke at the Capital Market Committee (CMC) meeting, was represented by Minister of State for Finance; Dr.
Doris Uzoka-Anite highlighted the market’s transformation since 2015, with improvements in governance structures, new products and platforms, stronger regulatory environment, and growing investor participation. According to the Minister, the Implementation of the Capital Market Master Plan (2015-2025), has been instrumental in increasing the market’s contribution to the national economy, developing a sophisticated market structure, and improving competitiveness.Edun said the revised plan prioritizes digitalization, innovation, sustainability, inclusion, and capital formation, aligning with the broader economic reform agenda.He said the passage of the new act modernizes the legal and regulatory framework, streamlines enforcement mechanisms, and provides clarity on emerging areas such as digital assets and crowdfunding.On the challenges and opportunities inherent in the Act, the Minister said, it will help deepen market participation, as well as ensure regulatory coordination remains tight.On the government’s private sector innovation in creating the needed environment for businesses to thrive, the Minister noted that the government is committed to creating an enabling environment for private sector innovation to flourish within a fair and transparent environment.The Minister added that the market is expected to contribute to the economy, serving not only for capital raising but also as a vehicle for wealth creation, economic inclusion, and long-term national resilience.He explained that, with the Securities and Exchange Commission undertaking regulatory reforms, including joining the GBMC Network of IOSCO in promoting and implementing ISSB Standards amongst others, the domestic economy has recorded the fastest GDP growth in about a decade in 2024, driven by a strong fourth quarter and improved fiscal position.Earlier in his speech, the DG SEC, Dr. Emomotimi Agama, emphasized the Commission’s commitment to regulatory reforms and capital market growth.According to him the enactment of the Investment and Securities Act (ISA) 2025 marks the beginning of a transformative new era for the capital market.Agama highlighted the Commission’s efforts to deepen engagement with stakeholders, ensure widespread dissemination and understanding of the new law, and drive innovation and compliance.He also emphasized the importance of restoring investor confidence, bringing timely relief to aggrieved investors, and creating a platform for broad-based participation of Nigerians in wealth creation.The SEC boss noted that the Commission has constituted an implementation team to thoroughly engage with every provision of the ISA 2025 and set up a dedicated sensitization team to deepen public understanding of the new law. A podcast series has also been launched to simplify the ISA 2025 and make it accessible to all Nigerians.Agama highlighted the Nigerian capital market’s impressive performance in 2024, with the NGX All-Share Index increasing by 37.65% and market capitalization growing by 53.39%. He also noted the Commission’s efforts to enhance regulatory efficiency, promote market integrity, and protect investors.The SEC boss emphasized the importance of financial inclusion and investor education, citing the Commission’s initiatives to empower women, youth, and grassroots communities. He also highlighted the Commission’s commitment to technology-driven solutions, including the launch of an e-survey to assess emerging technology adoption in the Nigerian capital market.Agama concluded by emphasizing the Commission’s commitment to fostering growth, transparency, and sustainability in the capital market, and looking forward to fruitful deliberations at the meeting.The highlight of the CMC meeting was the unveiling of the ISA Act 2025 by the minister.
By David Torough, Abuja
The Presidency on Monday said Nigeria’s Communications and Digital Economy sector attracted $191m in foreign direct investment in Q1 2024, a nine fold increase from $22m in Q1 2023.The Minister of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy, Bosun Tijani disclosed this during an interview for an upcoming State House documentary marking President Tinubu’s second anniversary.
Special Adviser on Information and Strategy to the President, Bayo Onanuga, revealed in a statement yesterday titled; “Investment in Digital Economy Grows Ninefold, Rollout Of $2 Bn Fibre Optic Infrastructure Begins Q4: Bosun Tijani. ”Tijani highlighted the sector’s robust workforce development, driven by the three Million Technical Talent programme and revealed plans for a $2bn initiative to deploy 90,000 kilometres of fibre optic infrastructure nationwide, starting in Q4 2025.“These foundational reforms, coupled with advancements in artificial intelligence and the startup ecosystem, have positioned Nigeria as a global leader in the digital economy,” Tijani stated.Comparing FDI inflows, he said, “In Q1 2023, the sector had about $22m; by Q1 2024, with this administration well underway, we reached $191m. The trend continued in Q2, increasing from $25m in 2023 to $114 m in 2024.”According to the minister, the 3MTT programme, launched in October 2023 to create a tech-savvy workforce, has already trained over 117,000 Nigerians in digital skills, surpassing its initial target of 30,000.“By last year, we had already moved that to over 117,000. With an additional 35,000 in training, the programme is nearing 10% of its 3 m goal. And in the rest of the time in office, we hope to reach three million,” he said.Regarding connectivity, Tijani announced that Project Bridge, focused on deploying 90,000 kilometres of fibre optic cable, will commence in the fourth quarter.“We are preparing a $2bn investment to ensure every Nigerian can access affordable, high-quality connectivity regardless of location. Increasing connectivity hubs by just 10 per cent could yield a 2.5 per cent GDP growth,” he said.Tijani celebrated Nigeria’s ranking among the world’s top 60 countries for AI readiness and developing a homegrown large language model.He also highlighted the launch of the AI Collective platform, supported by leading partners including Pierre Omidyar, Google, and Microsoft, to foster collaboration and innovation in artificial intelligence.For the first time in the country, the ministry has funded 55 academic researchers to explore technology applications in agriculture, healthcare, and education. In addition, N300m was invested in 10 startups using AI and blockchain to enhance agricultural productivity.On the Nigeria Startup House in San Francisco, an initiative targeting $5 billion in startup funding, Tijani said, “Our goal is to attract $5 billion in investments for Nigerian startups, supported by the Startup Pact and Trade Desk initiatives, which will connect local tech firms to global opportunities and government procurement.”Tijani revealed that over 500 government technologists have been trained in AI and Digital Public Infrastructure, and the groundbreaking Digital Economy Bill has passed its first reading in the National Assembly.To bridge rural connectivity gaps, the Minister projected that 7,000 telecom towers would be deployed, targeting 98 per cent nationwide coverage, adding that the Federal Executive Council had already approved the project.He described the progress on Right-of-Way issues as a game-changer for the country, revealing that 12 states in the federation have adopted zero-rated Right-of-Way policies.According to him, these efforts will support the National Broadband Plan’s goal of achieving 90% penetration by 2025, up from 48% in 2024.He projected the sector’s GDP contribution to rise from 16 per cent to 22 per cent, stating, “If a sector can increase its contribution by three to four per cent to the GDP, we’re about to see the economic growth we’ve not seen before. Technology allows us to bridge the gap between governments and the people.”Tijani said the government is not chasing quick wins. “The results we want to provide for Nigeria are long-lasting reforms that will transform our economy for generations to come”.
By David Torough, Abuja
Speaker of the House of Representatives, Hon. Abass Tajudeen, has declared that Nigeria’s heavy dependence on oil revenue would continue to leave its economy vulnerable, noting that agriculture remained the most viable alternative to achieving resilience.
Abass made the declaration in Abuja on Monday at a one day public hearing on some Bills seeking the establishment of agricultural colleges and institutions. Represented by Chief Whip of the House, Hon. Ibrahim Isiaka, the Speaker said it was within this context that the establishment and expansion of Agricultural Research Institutions across the country are not only necessary but strategically urgent.He said Nigeria should “Emulate countries like Israel, Brazil, and Vietnam that have attained a significant leap in agro development by investing substantially in research and development.”According to him, Brazil’s Embrapa, for instance, reengineered an infertile savannah into a global food hub, just as Vietnam’s targeted agricultural reforms pulled vast populations out of poverty, while Israel continues to innovate in arid-zone agriculture through technology-driven methods.Chairman of the House Committee on Agricultural and Institutions, Hon. Isiaq Abiodun Akinlade, recalled how in the 60s and 70s, the country was among the major exporters of agricultural produce such as cocoa, cotton, palm oil, and groundnuts.The lawmaker noted that Nigeria, with a population size of over 220 million and still growing, is desirous of more agricultural colleges and research institutions to help proffer solutions to issues, “namely climate change, insecurity, pest outbreaks, soil degradation, unskilled labourers, and livestock management.”
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