InfoTech
Digitalisation, Civic Technology as Tools for Combating Corruption

By Inyene Ibanga
Digitalisation is recognised as an important tool for fighting corruption across countries of the world. It provides society with the capacity to effectively prevent and detect different forms of corruption.
Corruption involves a violation of conduct or professional obligation arising from formal or other entrusted duties.
It arises when a person misuses the authority derived from his or her roles/positions in a manner that leads to the accrual of personal benefit, as against public interest.Leading global non-governmental anti-corruption movement, Transparency International (TI), defines corruption as the abuse of entrusted power for private gain.
But thanks to the coronavirus crisis, society has the unique opportunity to reinvent governance processes and public service delivery by using emerging technologies to transform different systems.
Digitalisation supports the fight against corruption by widening transparency, enabling accountability, reducing discretion, and limiting human interaction/interface.
Civic technology is among the new technologies that governments are deploying to engender more open engagement with citizens and thereby enhance the relationship between the people and government.
With the groundswell of mutual trust and cooperation garnered from civic technology, governments are better equipped to tackle corruption and address other social, economic, and political challenges.
Civic technology describes the technology that reinforces citizen engagement and strengthens the accountability and transparency of governance. It includes software built by citizens to support the government in the areas of communications, decision-making, service delivery, and political process.
Civic technology plays an important role in the fight against corruption. It provides digital tools for educating and empowering citizens to directly impact the capital budgeting and procurement processes.
Blockchain technology, artificial intelligence, big data analytics, are among the emerging technologies assisting governments and citizens with new tools to detect, prevent, investigate and reduce corruption.
BudgIT (Tracka), Shine Your Eye, Follow the Money, I Take Actions, Civiclab, and Connected Development (CODE), are some of the renowned civic technology solutions startups that are operating in Nigeria.
These civic tech organisations have created innovative digital tools/platforms that bolster citizen engagements with the government, enable public input, the monitoring of project implementation, and participatory budgeting to curb wastage and leakages in public expenditure.
In Nigeria, e-government initiatives such as Treasury Single Account (TSA), Integrated Personnel and Payroll Information System (IPPIS), Government Information Financial Management Information System (GIFMIS), and Bank Verification Number (BVN) have contributed to the government’s anti-corruption crusade.
Civic technology is supporting the fight against corruption by raising accountability and transparency through online services, transparency or open data portals, information crowdsourcing, civic crowdfunding, online corruption reporting, service automation, and digitalisation.
As part of the government’s ongoing efforts to curtail corruption in Nigeria, the country joined the Open Government Partnership (OGP) – an international multi-stakeholder initiative focused on improving transparency, accountability, citizen participation, and responsiveness to citizens through civic technology.
So far, the Federal Government disclosed that it spent a total sum of N152 billion on digitalisation in 2021, a substantial raise from the N9 billion expended in 2019 and 2020, according to the minister of Communications and Digital Economy, Professor Isa Pantami.
Speaking at the 2021 Service Wide Capacity Building programme on e-Government in Abuja, Pantami explained that the amount was the total sum approved by the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) for the CBN, NNPC, CAC, Immigration, and Customs among other government agencies for 2021 fiscal year.
He reaffirmed the Federal Government’s commitment to ensuring that paperless government is achieved by the year 2030 using emerging technologies that would guarantee data integrity and security.
Also, the National Anti-Corruption Strategy (NACS 2017-2021), a robust policy initiative of the IT regulator, NITDA, has been developed to ensure adequate utilisation of digital technologies to minimise corruption.
It is anchored on the five pillars of prevention; engagement; ethical re-orientation; enforcement; sanctions and recovery; and management of proceeds of corruption and other forms of financial crimes.
The civic technology ecosystem in Nigeria has also been embarking on strategic engagements to learn from other civics by exploring similar tools that have been developed elsewhere for the benefit of our people/communities.
A recent example is an agreement signed between an indigenous solutions and innovations firm, iStrategic Transparent Solutions Limited, and Russian Software Trade House (RSTH), to collaborate on the deployment of security and anti-corruption civic technology solutions.
By this agreement, the two companies would kickstart the development of computer software for use by public and private institutions across Nigeria and the West Africa sub-region to address the challenges in the areas of security, financial crime, and cybercrime.
From the foregoing, civic technology platforms can help to mobilise people against corruption. Thus, a convergence of rapport between those who work in technology and those who work in government becomes imperative to conquer the monster of corruption.
Moving forward, public and private stakeholders have to ensure that everyone (target audiences) is carried along and given options to communicate their needs throughout the process of building civic technology platforms/projects.
In conclusion, this will enable the people to trust and use civic technology tools to make a real impact in sustaining mutual understanding and participation in the management of our country’s commonwealth.
Inyene Ibanga writes from Wuye District, Abuja; email: inyeneibanga@yahoo.com.
InfoTech
FIFA Hides More than 10 million Hate Posts, Comments

Football’s ruling body FIFA on Thursday said that it has hidden more than 10 million abusive comments in its fight against hate speech.
FIFA said it has analysed some 33 million posts and comments on 15,302 accounts since it launched its Social Media Protection Service (SMPS) at the 2022 World Cup, and made it available to all its members and players in 2024.
It said that SMPS has been used at 23 tournaments as well as in qualifying and friendly matches.
It is also available at the current Club World Cup for the 32 teams and 2,019 accounts of players, coaches and officials.
FIFA said it is using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to filter abusive posts and hide them from the account owners.
A FIFA survey has revealed that women’s players are more subjected to abuse than the men. (dpa/NAN)
InfoTech
Cloud Security and its Role in Healthcare Cybersecurity

By Engineer Olusola Omotunde
The advent of cloud technology can be traced back to the 1960s according to https://www.cloudzero.com/blog/history-of-the-cloud/.
Cloud technology has evolved from a myth to a revolution in the global space.
In fact, it forms one of the best ways to secure data and save organizational funds.
A drift from the era of physical data centers has become the norm.
Cloud platforms like Amazon and Azure have taken over the scene even in developing climes. How much space does an organization need for its operations and what is the cost effect?Another pertinent point would be, the security of organizational data.
In this paper, we will provide a synopsis of cloud security and its role in healthcare cybersecurity.
The healthcare industry is one of the most critical aspects of any nation. How safe are patient’s data? What are the mitigating factors? How regularly does the IT team carry out an assessment of the security in place? In all of these, cloud security comes into play.
Cloud security is critical in healthcare cybersecurity because it provides the tools, processes, and policies required to protect sensitive patient data and assure regulatory compliance in an increasingly digital environment. Healthcare organizations that use cloud services for electronic health records (EHRs), telemedicine, patient portals, and other services face specific cybersecurity challenges, such as protecting huge amounts of personally identifiable information (PII) and protected health information (PHI).
Below are some aspects where cloud security contributes or plays pivotal roles in healthcare cybersecurity:
1. Data Protection
• Data Backup and Recovery: Cloud solutions provide backup and disaster recovery capabilities, which assist healthcare organizations in protecting data from loss due to cyberattacks or system failures.
• Encryption: Cloud providers provide sophisticated encryption options for data at rest and in transit. This is critical for healthcare providers to safeguard sensitive patient information from unauthorized access.
2. Prevention and Detection of Threat
• Real-time Monitoring and Alerts: Cloud security solutions can provide 24-hour monitoring and notifications if suspicious behaviour is discovered. This quick response capability is crucial for healthcare organizations to avoid or mitigate the effects of cyber events.
• Advanced Threat Protection: Cloud providers provide services that include threat detection features like intrusion detection, malware scanning, and vulnerability assessments. These services assist healthcare organizations in identifying and addressing hazards before they cause harm.
• Automated Patch Management: Cloud providers frequently handle patch management for their infrastructure, ensuring that systems are up to date against the most recent vulnerabilities, which can dramatically minimize the risk of attack.
3. Flexibility and Scalability
• Scalable Security: As healthcare organizations expand, cloud security can scale with them, allowing for the installation of additional security measures without requiring major infrastructure upgrades.
• Adaptable Infrastructure: Healthcare organizations can quickly respond to emerging threats with cloud-based solutions that include updated security tools and services. This adaptability is critical in a dynamic threat context.
4. Cost Efficiency
• Pay-as-you-go Model: Many cloud services use a pay-as-you-go model, which allows healthcare providers to only pay for the security services they use. This can help organizations manage costs while still providing high-quality security tools.
• Reduced IT Costs: Cloud providers manage and maintain the infrastructure, eliminating the need for healthcare companies to invest heavily in on-premises security hardware and personnel.
5. Regulatory Compliance
• HIPAA and GDPR Compliance: Cloud providers that service healthcare organizations frequently offer solutions designed to comply with industry-specific standards such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in the United States and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in Europe.
• Audit Support: Many cloud services provide logging and monitoring capabilities to assist healthcare organizations in tracking and auditing data access and usage, which is critical for regulatory compliance.
Key Considerations for Healthcare Providers across the globe
When healthcare providers deploy cloud solutions, they must address a number of security concerns to safeguard sensitive patient data, ensure regulatory compliance, and manage possible risks. It is also important that they scrutinize the security certificates held by cloud providers, ensure that they clarify ownership rights to their data with their cloud providers, training staff on the security best practices which include training on data handling, phishing awareness and secure access protocol.
There is no one-size fits all rule other than being careful!
Engineer Olusola Omotunde is an IT expert and writes from Lagos, Nigeria
InfoTech
The World Today, Data Ethics and Privacy

By Emmanuel Oye-Adeniran
Data is becoming a vital resource in the digital age, propelling innovation and decision-making in many sectors of the economy such as Construction, Healthcare, Agriculture and Finance. However, data ethics and privacy worries have increased along with data gathering, storage, and analysis growth.
Discussions concerning the ethical use of data and the defence of individual rights in a society that is becoming more interconnected revolve around these issues. This article looks at the importance of data privacy and ethics as it affects today’s world.Many years ago, before the advent of digitalization, it was of no consequence to share an individual’s information with or without consent which made it quite interesting as there were no laws safeguarding individual’s data, in fact, people did not bother much.
However, in the new era of digitalization, a person’s data must be treated as private.
They have entrusted you with their bank details, contact addresses, etc and they must be kept private.
Cybercrime has become so prevalent globally that many have argued it has come to stay. Well, this might not be untrue considering how long it has become an issue on the front burner.
A synopsis of data privacy between the 16 and 19th centuries reveals that privacy was mostly a problem with physical areas and communications. The necessity of maintaining communication secrecy was brought to light by the development of the postal system in the seventeenth century (Ref: Mark Elliot, Anna M. Mandalari, Miranda Mourby, Kieron O’Hara).
In today’s age of online shopping, social media interactions and AI technology, it has become evident that various platforms usually collect people’s data for various purposes, ranging from marketing intelligence to improved user experience.
A look at some of the elements which are related to Data privacy and ethics in today’s world:
(i)Transparency and Accountability:
Stakeholders are holding digital businesses more and more responsible for their ethical behaviour and data policies. Gaining the trust of users requires being open and honest about the goals, techniques, and possible risks associated with data collecting. Businesses should make their policies on the gathering, handling, and distribution of personal data easily understandable.
User permission and data control procedures should also be simple to understand and intuitive. Accountability techniques, such recurring audits and impartial supervision, can guarantee that businesses follow legal and ethical criteria.
(ii) Bias and Fairness:
The computer is obviously not intelligent without human input, and so it must be fed with the right unbiased information. If the Algorithm is discriminatory towards a social class for instance, then this nullifies the essence of Data ethics.
Algorithmic bias poses a significant ethical challenge in technology use. Machine learning algorithms, while powerful, can perpetuate and amplify biases present in training data. This can result in discriminatory outcomes, reinforcing existing social inequalities.
Ethical technology use requires ongoing efforts to identify and mitigate bias in algorithms. Companies must prioritize fairness and equity in designing and implementing AI systems, ensuring that technology serves diverse populations without perpetuating discrimination.
(iii)Consent and its role:
The use of ambiguous policies often makes it almost impossible for users to make very safe and informed choices about the implications of sharing their data and so it is imperative that policies be made simpler for users to understand. This would by a long shot, provide a proper decision-making process.
(iv)Empowering users:
Enabling consumers to take control of their data is essential to using technology ethically. It is critical to give people easily available tools for controlling privacy settings, comprehending data usage, and making defensible judgments about disclosing personal information. Initiatives aimed at raising user knowledge and education can support people in advocating for their right to privacy and navigating the digital world. By enabling people to take charge of their digital identities, businesses can cultivate a climate that values data security and online privacy. People must be given more rights to their data.
Conclusion
In today’s ever-evolving world of digitalization, it is imperative that stakeholders especially corporations adhere to the rules of data ethics and privacy.
Every clime must ensure that their users are protected by establishing laws and reviewing such existing laws to protect their users. Some of the data protection and ethics laws like the Pan-African initiatives of 2014, the Nigeria Data Protection Regulation (NDPR) issued in 2019 and the European GDPR which came into effect on the 25th of May, 2018 are some of the efforts by various governments across the globe to stem the abuse of peoples’ rights to their Data. The laws are quite clear and focus on some salient points such as, Increased accountability & transparency, Empowerment of individuals, Standardization across the EU and Encouragement of best practices. These laws must be adhered to.
Big world corporations must put the customer’s rights at the front burner.