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Liz Truss and the Power of People in a Democracy

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By Dakuku Peterside

“All politics is local” is a popular refrain. However, we cannot deny the interconnected nature of politics. The game of politics is governed by some common unwritten rules, which reign supreme in most societies, no matter the form of democracy they practice. Like a mathematical equation, there are a few constants in politics – the political sovereignty of the people, which, whenever subverted, would always have consequences; the primacy of the interest of the elite; incompetence in public life has a price; the economy and welfare of the people are crucial to stability, etc.

All these factors played critical roles in the fall of the shortest prime ministership of one of the world’s most mature democracies.
In the downfall of Liz Truss, are there any lessons for a developing democracy such as Nigeria, which practices a presidential system of government, as distinct from a parliamentary system with its unique nature and peculiar party processes? Here are five lessons and how each of them affects Nigerian political leaders.

First, confidence in the government is a no-brainer. Through a popular franchise, the people repose great confidence in their leaders to govern them using the state’s commonwealth. This confidence has a quotient level that is acceptable in all democracies, and immediately it goes below a particular psychological level of acceptance by the people, it elicits a total call for either an immediate change of government through the democratic means available or the voting out of the government in the next election.

Liz Truss lost the confidence of the people. This was evident in her prime ministership having the worst opinion poll rating of any recent UK prime minister. Also, she lost the confidence of her colleagues in the cabinet, parliament, and party, to the extent that she had no option but to resign from office. Her resignation is an indication of the power of the people in a democracy. The people give and take power anytime they lose confidence in their government. In Liz Truss’s case, the parliamentary system allows for a fast response, unlike the presidential system in which the leadership change is more tedious.

In the Nigerian context, the loss of confidence as a political paradigm may not have quick implications, as it did in the UK due to our system of government, but we may still need to consider it thoroughly. Although the typical Nigerian leader cares less about winning and keeping the confidence of citizens beyond the election seasons, such insensitivity is costly in most cases. For instance, the insensitivity of Goodluck Jonathan’s administration to the mass abduction of Chibok girls contributed to the loss of confidence of the people in that government, which eventually led to its downfall. Therefore, losing faith and trust in government inevitably leads to the loss of political power.

Second, worldwide, the litmus test for a government’s popularity and acceptance by the people is the state of the economy. The state of the economy affects voters’ choices and citizens reactions to leaders. Whenever economic decisions go badly, politics reacts. The cost-of-living crisis in the UK, occasioned by rising inflation and the uncontrollable rise of energy costs, put the Brits on edge, and they want a government that will tackle these problems immediately. Unfortunately, Liz Truss’s economic policies could not inspire the confidence of the people and the market that she and her cabinet were in the right direction to solving the problem.

It is significant to note that the pressure came on her, even when she had not implemented the policy in the first instance. The general perception is that tax cut for the rich, social welfare cut, interest rates increase, and other typical conservative economic policies will not work and should not even be tested. The collapse of Liz Truss’s economic policies at birth signalled the lame-duck nature of her government. The desperate reaction of the market saw the pound tumble to its lowest level against the US dollar in over four decades and the near collapse of the London stock market. This spook reaction by the market indicates a lack of confidence in the government and it is interesting that it directly correlates with the collapse of the government, pointing to a more significant link between the market and politics in recent times.

Similarly, although there is a low level of economic enlightenment in Nigeria, however the economic hardship prevalent today has heightened the political awareness of citizens and may affect the choice of Nigerian voters in 2023. Unemployment, high-interest rate, and inflation; if not checked, Nigerians will react soon. A 10% inflation was what sent Truss packing, whereas we are dealing with 20% in Nigeria. The pervading sense of hopelessness and economic quagmire has created an anti-establishment and anti-orthodoxy movement in the political space.

Third, there is a limit to citizens’ tolerance of the excuses and incompetence of leaders. The Truss team were deemed incompetent. And when they made bad decisions, people did not trust them to continue handling the country’s governance. It is obvious that she did not cause the problems she inherited, and many externalities are shaping the rise of economic issues in the UK, chief among them are the economic downturn following COVID-19, the Russian/Ukraine conflict in Europe, and the high cost of energy that elicited high inflation, which is also affecting much of the world.

Yet, although aware of these external influences, UK citizens refused to accept any excuse from Liz Truss for not handling the crisis well. Future conservative prime ministers will have their jobs cut out to stem the tide of economic woes and win the people’s confidence. The UK people are okay with changing prime ministers, like tenancy of Airbnb, until they get a prime minister that is fit for purpose.

Conversely, the tolerance level of Nigerians to excuses is higher than that of the Brits. However, it has limits too, and the general election in 2023 is an opportunity to test that limit. Most Nigerians are tired of excuses and blame from one quarter to another, in tackling insecurity, mismanagement, inflation, corruption, among other issues. It is disheartening to note that floods happened in several places in Nigeria, and we lost 600 persons, with 1.5 million others displaced, and 2.5 million people in need of humanitarian assistance. There has yet to be a definitive action on the disaster from the government. But Joe Biden, in the case of Hurricane Ian in Florida, visited the location with the wife, reassured Americans, mobilised the military for emergency rescue services, announced federal aid, literarily relocated the government seat to Florida, and declared a state of emergency. Unfortunately, the barometer of compassion which government shows in Nigeria is low.

Fourth, the winner-takes-all mentality in politics is counterproductive. Liz Truss appointed her cabinet from her close allies and inner circle, and this phenomenon limited the pool of competent persons she could choose from. In governance, inclusiveness is sine quo non, especially as a tool of managing diversity. The quality of governance is a function of the quality of people in government. There is need to always go for competence, even if the competent person is not a close associate or party member. This cost Liz Truss her premiership.

In Nigeria, we have institutionalised mediocrity for reasons of  party loyalty and other sentiments. The Peoples Democratic Party (1999-2015) and All Progressives Congress (2015-date) chose mostly party members for cabinet positions, some with no capacity to envision or execute credible policies. A good mix of party men, competent persons from other parties and non-aligned capable persons is needed to stir Nigeria out of the doldrums. After the 2023 general elections, Nigerians expect the leaders to assemble the best hands to manage the economy. People want results that will impact their lives positively, and only an assemblage of the most competent hands can deliver these results.

Fifth, Liz Truss’s loss of power demonstrates the importance people place on leaders articulating clear, realistic, and workable policies that inspire confidence and belief in the government’s capacity to deliver. Any bogus policies that will not solve the myriad of issues faced by the people are quickly noticed, analysed, and criticised by the media, the market, and other stakeholders. In Liz Truss’s case, the system did not even allow her to implement her policies because it did not have faith in her policies.

In Nigeria today, we have a bourgeoning intelligent populace and a virile media that critically analyse policies and government projects. Social media have democratised political debates and consciousness, especially among the youth, with a concomitant increase in political participation not seen in a generation. Therefore, leaders, should come up with policies that are sustainable and possibly do a dry run of scenarios before activating such policies. Truss got it wrong and paid for it.

The era of religious, ethnic, and primordial sentiments influencing voting is fast fading. Just as in Liz Truss Britain, let the competition of ideas in the common public sphere be the bases of voting choice. Let us have the best ideas and people who put them out in the 2023 elections.

Overall, Nigeria politicians and leaders owe Nigerians clarity of vision and policy, probity and accountability, if they do not want to suffer the fate of Liz Truss. They should articulate sustainable and fit-for-purpose policies to develop Nigeria without overpromising, whilst bearing in mind the economic realities and state of national finance when making promises. They should clearly understand our local and national problems and convince voters on how they will solve them. This is the time for issues-based politics and not trash. Nigerians, like the Brits, are prepared to visit the fate of Liz Truss on any leader or politician that wants to sell us “Trussonomics” in 2023.

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Tinubu Orders Investigation into Ibadan Stampede Incident

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By David Torough, Abuja

President Bola Tinubu has directed the relevant authorities to investigate the circumstances that led to the tragic incident at the Children’s funfair in Ibadan, which resulted in the loss of lives and injuries.

Presidential Spokesman Bayo Onanuga, in a statement stressed the importance of determining whether negligence or deliberate actions contributed to this painful development, ensuring a transparent and accountable process.

The president, who expressed profound sadness over the tragic incident on Thursday, extended condolences to the government and people of Oyo State, as well as to the grieving families who have lost their beloved children.

The statement read, “In this moment of mourning, President Tinubu stands in solidarity with the affected families and offers prayers that the Almighty God will grant peace to the souls of those who have departed in this unfortunate event.

“President Tinubu has urgently directed the relevant authorities to investigate the circumstances of this tragedy thoroughly. He emphasises that it is imperative to determine whether negligence or deliberate actions contributed to this painful incident, ensuring a transparent and accountable process.

“The President urges the Oyo State Government to take every necessary measure to prevent such a tragedy from reoccurring.”

The president wants a comprehensive review of all public events’ safety measures, strict enforcement of safety regulations, and regular safety audits of event venues.

He called on event organizers to prioritize the safety of all attendees, especially children, just as he stressed the importance of integrating professional security, protocol, and logistics at events to ensure the utmost safety of all participants.

According to the president, “Our children’s safety and well-being remain paramount. No event should ever compromise their safety or take precedence over their lives.”

So far, police have confirmed that 35 children died while six others were critically injured.

According to a statement by the Oyo State Police Command through the spokesman, Adewale Osifeso, yesterday, the organisers of the event, including the main sponsor, Naomi Silekunola, the estranged wife of the Ooni of Ile-Ife, Oba Adeyeye Enitan Ogunwusi, and her media partner, Agidigbo FM, the principal of the school, and five others, have been arrested in connection with the tragedy.

The police stated that the event was organised by the Wings Foundation and media partners Agidigbo FM, without proper permission or safety measures in place.

The police said they have commenced an investigation into the incident and have promised to bring those responsible to justice.

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Wike Revokes Buhari’s  Land Title as Soldiers Assault Officials

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By Laide Akinboade, Abuja

Minister of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Nyesom Wike has revoked the land title of former President Muhammadu Buhari for nonpayment of statutory fees.

A public notice issued yesterday by the Federal Capital Territory Administration (FCTA) showed that titles for 762 plots of land in the Maitama district of Abuja were revoked over failure to pay charges for Certificates of Occupancy (C-of-O).

A former Chief Justice of Nigeria, Walter Onnoghen was also affected.

FCTA also threatened to withdraw the Right of Occupancy (R-of-O) of 614 other individuals and companies if they fail to pay outstanding bills for their plots within two weeks.

The FCTA notice read, “The Federal Capital Territory Administration wishes to inform the allottee(s)/title holder(s) of plots of land in Maitama 1 who have failed to make payment for their Certificate of Occupancy (C-of-O) bills that their Right of Occupancy to the land/property has been withdrawn.”

According to the administration, this action was taken under Section 28 of the Land Use Act of 1978, which empowers the minister to revoke Right of Occupancy for non-compliance with payment obligations or breach of other allocation terms.

The Cs-of-O of the Muhammadu Buhari Trust Foundation owned by former President Muhammadu Buhari; former Chief Justice of Nigeria (CJN), Walter Onnoghen; Speaker of the House of Representatives, Abbas Tajudeen; Secretary to the Government of the Federation (SGF), George Akume; his wife, Regina; and Uba Sani, governor of Kaduna were revoked.

Also affected are: former and serving lawmakers: the Senate Chief Whip, Tahir Monguno; former Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives, Chibudom Nwuche; former Senate Leader, Teslim Folarin; former House of Representatives member, Nnenna Ukeje; Andy Uba and Smart Adeyemi, both former senators.

Wike, who assumed office in August 2023 has consistently emphasised his commitment to enforce order in Abuja’s land administration.

It was however a tough task for men of the Department of Development Control who were on mission to pull down unapproved structures.

Soldiers allegedly following the orders of an Army General on Wednesday evening attacked Development Control officials who were in Sabon Lugbe, Abuja to remove illegal structures in the area.

The officials were to remove the fence of a building on Plot 416 said to belong to one Major General.

An official of the department narrated their ordeal: “During this operation, there was an incident that happened at Plot 416 Sabon Lugbe that belongs a Major General.

“When the assignment was going on, the Major General got information…He sent two soldiers from his house to ascertain the situation.

“On getting to the scene, the soldiers who drove a vehicle wit covered number plate blocked the way out of the house to prevent the enforcement team from coming out of the premises, threatening that somebody must die today.

“Private Jamilu [second name unknown] went straight to the caterpillar operator, cocked his rifle and pointed straight to him to come down or risk being shot immediately.

“He politely came down but was grabbed by the two soldiers who squeezed his neck with his clothes, beat him mercilessly and tore his shirt.

“Private Jamilu pulled his rifle and fired the four tyres of the caterpillar flat. He then called the Major General to come along with more soldiers for reinforcement, and he came with them in numbers.

“He ordered his men to take Sector Sodangi and his site officer to his house, beat them even right from outside alongside six enforcement officials who were also taken hostage for hours.

“Three Hilux vehicles were taken to the Major General’s house while the remaining vehicles that they could not lay hands on had their tyres flattened with gun shots.

“On receiving the information, the DPO Trademore came to the scene but the Major General refused to take compliments nor listen to her. She left and said she would come back.”

Director of the department, Mukhtar Galadima did not respond to our reporter’s enquiries. Also, the Director of Press, Office of the Minister, Anthony Ogunleye couldn’t be reached.

This is not the first time officials of the department have suffered attack. It has been a hazard they confront frequently in the course of their work.

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2025 Budget: Tinubu Presents N47.90trn Estimates to NASS

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By Ubong Ukpong & Eze OkeChukwu, Abuja

President Bola Tinubu yesterday presented his administration’s ambitious N47.90 trillion budget estimates for 2025, assuring the people of the administration’s readiness to continue stimulating the economy through targeted fiscal stimulus packages, public expenditures, and non-inflationary spending.

While presenting the budget titled, “Budget of Restoration: Securing Peace, Rebuilding Prosperity,” to a joint session of the National Assembly, the president reiterated his unwavering commitment to rebuilding Nigeria and ensuring a prosperous future for the nation.

A breakdown of the proposed 2025 budget allocations showed the following: Defence and Security, N4.

91 trillion; Infrastructure, N4.06 trillion; Health, N2.48 trillion; and Education, N3.52 trillion.

He said, “As we embark on implementing the 2025 budget, our steps are deliberate, our decisions resolute, and our priorities are clear.

“This budget reflects a renewed commitment to strengthening the foundation of a robust economy while addressing critical sectors essential for growth and development.”

On national security, Tinubu assured the public that his administration had “significantly increased funding for the military, paramilitary, and Police Force to secure the nation, protect our borders, and consolidate government control over every inch of our national territory.”

He said his government would continue to equip the security forces with the modern tools and technology necessary to safeguard the country.

“The officers, men, and women of our Armed Forces and the Nigerian Police Force are the shields and protectors of our nation.

“Our administration will continue to empower them to defeat insurgency, banditry, and all threats to our sovereignty,” the president noted.

On infrastructure development, the president explained, “When we launched the Renewed Hope Infrastructure Development Fund, it was with the conviction that infrastructure remains the backbone of every thriving economy.

“We are accelerating investments in energy, transport, and public works. By leveraging private capital, we hope to complete key projects that drive growth and create jobs.”

Tinubu shared his administration’s commitment to improving human capital development, revealing that the government had disbursed N34 billion to over 300,000 students via the Nigeria Education Loan Fund (NELFUND).

“In the 2025 Budget, we have allocated N826.90 billion for infrastructure development in the educational sector, including allocations for the Universal Basic Education (UBEC) and nine new higher educational institutions,” he said.

For healthcare, Tinubu emphasized the importance of Universal Health Coverage initiatives and announced an allocation of N402 billion for infrastructure investments in the health sector, with an additional N282.65 billion for the Basic Health Care Fund.

He added that his administration would continue its efforts to reduce medical import dependency and ensure quality healthcare for all Nigerians.

On corruption, Tinubu asserted, “Our nation faces existential threats from corruption and insecurity and suffers from many past poor choices. These challenges are surmountable when we work collaboratively to overcome them.

“We must rewrite the narrative of this nation together, with every leader, institution, and citizen playing their part.”

He urged Nigerians to look towards a brighter future and to support greater investment in the private sector, saying, “The time for lamentation is over. This is a time to act.”

He stressed that the 2025 budget proposal lays the foundation for peace, prosperity, and hope, emphasizing that his administration’s journey of economic renewal and institutional development, which began 18 months ago, is well underway.

He said that Nigeria’s economy is responding positively to the fiscal stimulus measures, with growth projected at 3.46 percent in the third quarter of 2024, up from 2.54 percent in the same period of 2023.

He shared the 2025 budget’s revenue targets, with a proposed N34.82 trillion in revenue and N47.90 trillion in government expenditure, including N15.81 trillion for debt servicing.

The president projected inflation would decline from 34.6 percent to 15 percent, with an improved exchange rate of N1,500 per US dollar and crude oil production pegged at 2.06 million barrels per day, stating that, “This is an ambitious but necessary budget to secure our future.”

The President of the Senate, Godswill Akpabio in his opening remarks said, “Your Excellency, we commend you on your groundbreaking tax reform initiative.

“The four tax reform bills—the Joint Revenue Board of Nigeria (Establishment) Bill, 2024; Nigeria Revenue Service (Establishment) Bill, 2024; Nigeria Tax Administration Bill, 2024; and Nigeria Tax Bill, 2024, represent a monumental shift in our fiscal landscape.

“It is disheartening that those who have not taken time to understand these bills are the loudest critics.

“I urge all Nigerians, especially those in public office, to engage with these vital reforms thoughtfully.

“This initiative marks the first comprehensive tax reform since Nigeria’s independence, presenting a transformative opportunity for rejuvenating small and medium enterprises and enhancing the livelihoods of ordinary Nigerians.

“These reforms will not only improve Nigeria’s revenue profile but also create a more conducive and internationally competitive business environment, transforming our tax system to support sustainable development.

“We will not kill any reform that you have forwarded to us for consideration Mr President but rather engage Nigerians to see the merits in them.”

In his vote of thanks, the House of Representatives Speaker, Tajudeen Abbas said the government needs to reflect on the fiscal realities of Nigeria’s economy, especially the budget-population ratio of the country, when Nigeria is compared with other countries in Africa.

The Speaker noted that the Tinubu administration has taken bold and decisive steps to reform the economy in the past 18 months, stressing that removing fuel subsidies, unifying foreign exchange rates, and introducing innovative economic policies have laid a solid foundation for sustainable growth and development.

Abbas said while these reforms have demanded short-term sacrifices, they are acts of courage and patriotism.

He cited examples from China’s market reforms, India’s liberalisation, and South Korea’s industrialisation which, he stated, affirm the enduring benefits of such bold action. “These lessons inspire confidence that Nigeria’s ongoing reforms will foster economic growth, reduce poverty, and ensure long-term prosperity,” he stated.

The Speaker stated that the Tinubu administration’s reforms have “disrupted the status quo, sparking resistance from vested interests,” noting that, “Yet these courageous measures underscore your resolve to prioritise the welfare of Nigerians.”

The Speaker noted that the proposed 2025 budget of N49.7 trillion— a 35 percent increase over 2024— is “ambitious and commendable.”

He said the projections of 4.6 percent Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, a crude oil price of $75 per barrel, an exchange rate of N1,400 to the dollar, and oil production of 2.06 million barrels per day are bold but achievable.”

He added, “However, Nigeria’s fiscal realities warrant critical reflection. Despite being Africa’s most populous nation with over 220 million people, our 2024 national budget of $36.7 billion remains modest compared to countries like South Africa, with a budget of $160 billion for its 60 million citizens; Egypt, with $110 billion for 110 million people; Algeria, with $60 billion for 45 million people; and Morocco, allocating $50 billion for its 37 million residents.

The Speaker assured the president, “This is not merely your budget; it is a national project requiring collaboration across all arms of government,” adding that the parliament will work to ensure its timely passage, provide legislative support for critical reforms, and conduct robust oversight to guarantee transparency and efficiency in its execution.

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