Health
Lassa Fever: NCDC Registers 200 Deaths in 28 States
The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC), has confirmed the death of 200 persons from Lassa fever, representing 17.1 per cent in 28 States and 114 Local Government Areas (LGAs) in 2023.
The NCDC, via its official website on Sunday, said that aside from the fatality, there were 8,542 suspected cases and 1,170 confirmed cases in the affected areas as of December 3, suggesting that 2023 may witness the higher number of cases.
Reports says that Lassa fever is an acute Viral Haemorrhagic Fever (VHF) caused by the Lassa virus.
The natural reservoir for the virus is the Mastomys natalensis rodent, commonly known as the multimammate rat or the African rat.
Other rodents can also be carriers of the virus.The virus spreads through direct contact with the urine, faeces, saliva, or blood of infected rats, as well as contact with objects, household items, and surfaces contaminated with the urine, faeces, saliva, or blood of infected rats.
Other sources of contact include the consumption of food or water contaminated with the urine, faeces, saliva, or blood of infected rats.
Person-to-person transmission could also occur through direct contact with blood, urine, faeces, vomitus, and other body fluids of an infected person.
The agency said that every year, the Federal Government through the Federal Ministry of Health and Social Welfare and NCDC’s National Lassa Fever Technical Working Group (TWG), leads efforts to prevent, detect, and respond to cases of Lassa fever across the country.
It noted that NCDC has recorded a steady increase in states reporting Lassa fever due to improved surveillance, better community awareness, environmental degradation from climate change and other deleterious human activities in the environment.
It informed that annual outbreaks of Lassa fever also involved the infection and death of healthcare workers.
It lamented that the loss of life could involve a significant loss of a loved family member, a spouse, a parent, and often a seasoned healthcare worker and team member.
This, it said, exacerbated the challenge of insufficient human resources for health in the country.
“Now that the dry season is here, the NCDC’s Lassa fever TWG has implemented strategic measures to enhance coordination, collaboration, and communication, enhancing preparedness and readiness for potential surges in Lassa fever cases.
“These measures include conducting biweekly national TWG meetings to improve preparedness, readiness and response activities for control and management of Lassa fever using a One Health approach.
It also involves “Issuing joint alert on Cerebrospinal Meningitis (CSM) to TWG to guide state-level preparedness, readiness, and response activities in Lassa fever and CSM during this season that both diseases share.
“Capacity building of some healthcare workers across all the geopolitical zones on Lassa fever preparedness, readiness, and response through the pilot Lassa fever clinical management fellowship, are also some measures.
“Conducting a bi-weekly Lassa fever webinar series on topics covering the different pillars of the TWG such as case management, surveillance, IPC, risk communication and logistics to get all actors in control and management of Lassa fever ready for the predicted surge in confirmed case numbers,” are also part of the measures.
Others were prepositioning and distribution of medical supplies for case management, infection prevention, and control, and laboratory diagnosis in all Lassa fever treatment centres in the country.
Update of the national Incident Action Plan (IAP) to take on board lessons from the last outbreak and findings from the recently concluded surge preparedness workshop, are also essential.
It said “weekly situation reports for Lassa fever in Nigeria could be published to guide decision-making and foster further collaboration across different sectors.”
The NCDC said that Lassa fever was always accompanied by a fever like malaria. Other symptoms include headache, general body weakness, cough, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, muscle pains, chest pain, sore throat, and, in severe cases, bleeding from ears, eyes, nose, mouth, and other body openings.
The Nigerian Public Health Institute said that the time between the infection and the appearance of symptoms of the disease was three to 21 days.
“Early diagnosis and treatment of the disease greatly increase the chances of patient’s survival,” it said
The NCDC hinted that persons mostly at risk for Lassa fever were all age groups who come in contact with the urine, faeces, saliva, or blood of infected rats.
“This is in addition to people living in rat-infested environments, those who consume potentially contaminated foodstuff, especially those left open overnight or dried outside in the open, and persons who handle or process rodents for consumption.
“Other groups are people who do not perform hand hygiene at appropriate times, and caretakers of infected persons with poor infection prevention and control measures,” it said.
The agency insisted that healthcare workers, including doctors, nurses, and other health workers who provide direct patient care in the absence of standard precautions are at risk of contacting Lassa fever.
“Hospital staff who clean and disinfect contaminated surfaces, materials, and supplies without adequate protective gear, can also be infected.
“So also is it with laboratory staff who handle blood samples of suspected Lassa fever patients without appropriate precautions.
“Persons who prepare or handle bodies of deceased Lassa fever cases without appropriate precautions are also at risk,” it said.
To reduce the risk of Lassa fever infection, it advised the public to always keep their environment clean, and block all holes in their house to prevent the entry of rats and other rodents.
The NCDC enjoined Nigerians to cover their dustbins and dispose of refuse properly, adding that communities should set up dump sites far from their homes to reduce the chances of the entry of rodents into their homes.
It pleaded with the residents to safely store food items such as rice, garri, beans and maize in tightly sealed or well-covered containers, and avoid drying food stuff outside on the ground or roadside, where there is a risk of contamination.
It continued: “Discourage bush burning as this can destroy food sources of rodents and drive them to migrate from the bushes to human residences to find food.
“Eliminate rats in homes and communities by setting rat traps and other appropriate and safe means.
“Practice good personal and hand hygiene by frequently washing hands with soap under running water or using hand sanitisers when necessary.
“Visit the nearest health facility if you notice any of the signs and symptoms associated with Lassa fever or call the State Ministry of Health hotline and 6232 (NCDC).
“This is essential because early identification and treatment of cases appear to be more effective and can save lives,” it said, adding “Avoid self-medication to ensure proper diagnosis and early treatment.”
The agency begged healthcare workers to always practice standard infection prevention and control practices such as using gloves and other appropriate personal protective equipment while handling patients or providing care for patients.
The NCDC informed that healthcare workers should maintain a high index of suspicion for Lassa fever by being vigilant and considering a diagnosis of Lassa fever when seeing patients presenting with febrile illness.
It advised healthcare providers to report all suspected cases of Lassa fever to their local government Disease Surveillance and Notification Officer (DSNO) to ensure prompt diagnosis, referral, and early commencement of public health actions.(NAN)
Health
Agency Seals 12 Islamic Medicine Stores, One Clinic in Niger Crackdown
The Niger State Private Health Facilities Agency (NiSPHFA) has sealed 12 unregistered Islamic medicine stores in Minna and a health facility in Katcha Local Government Area (LGA).
The Executive Chairman of NiSPHFA, Dr.
Abdullahi Suleiman, disclosed this while receiving members of the Islamic and Prophetic Medicine Practitioners’ Association of Nigeria (IPMPAN) in Minna.The enforcement is part of the agency’s renewed efforts to protect residents from unsafe healthcare practices and ensure compliance with minimum standards.
Suleiman said the facilities were sealed over alleged non-compliance with regulatory standards.
According to him, the enforcement is not aimed at persecuting healthcare providers but at ensuring residents have access to safe, quality, and standard-compliant healthcare services.
“Our responsibility is to protect the people by ensuring that anyone providing healthcare services operates within the required standards,” he said.
He urged genuine alternative medicine practitioners to register with NiSPHFA, saying registration would enable the agency to identify operators, monitor their activities, and protect residents from unsafe products and practices.
Suleiman also announced plans to organise a trade fair for verified alternative medicine practitioners to promote legitimate practices and improve public confidence in alternative healthcare.
He emphasised the need for practitioners to maintain minimum standards of hygiene, sanitation, safe preparation and storage of medicines, proper packaging, and infection prevention.
“Practitioners should refer patients whose conditions are beyond their capacity to appropriate health facilities. Such referrals will help reduce avoidable health risks,” he said.
The chairman said sustained enforcement, stakeholder collaboration, and improved compliance would enable NiSPHFA to safeguard residents and promote a safer, more accountable, and quality-driven healthcare system across the state.
He said the NiSPHFA enforcement team inspected 10 health facilities in Katcha local government and identified various irregularities requiring improvement.
Suleiman said the affected facilities were issued 21-day notices to correct the identified deficiencies.
“One of the facilities inspected was sealed for non-compliance with established standards,” he said.
He added that the agency also secured the support of the local government area in identifying and addressing facilities operating with irregularities.
IPMPAN Chairman, Abdullahi Haske, commended the state government for establishing NiSPHFA.
He pledged the association’s cooperation in ensuring that its members complied with regulatory requirements.
Health
Stakeholders Seek Improved Health Budget Implementation, Accountability in Kaduna
Stakeholders have called for improved implementation, tracking and accountability of health sector budgets to strengthen healthcare delivery and advance Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Kaduna State.
They made the call during an engagement on strengthening participatory budget processes, health budget tracking and advocacy on Saturday in Kaduna, with emphasis on the 2027 budget process and implementation of the Annual Operational Plan (AOP) for the health sector.
Seth Luke, a Civil Society Coach on strengthening participatory budget processes under the Open Government Partnership (OGP) Kaduna, said the engagement was aimed at strengthening the capacity of OGP Technical Working Groups and state and local government accountability mechanisms to effectively participate in budget processes and advocacy.
Seth said the engagement was particularly focused on the health sector, including tracking the implementation of the Annual Operational Plan as the state commenced preparations for the 2027 budget.
“We want to see how we can track the implementation of the Annual Operational Plan for the health sector and, from our findings, bring out recommendations around improving funding and other areas that require attention,” he said.
He said the government needed to prioritise health financing beyond budgetary allocation by ensuring effective implementation of approved programmes and projects.
According to him, budget allocation represents government plans based on expected revenue, but available resources should be prioritised toward activities capable of improving healthcare and service delivery at the grassroots.
Seth urged participants to use the knowledge and findings from the engagement to engage relevant government stakeholders on improving health financing and budget implementation.
He also encouraged them to extend the knowledge gained to other sectors and continuously engage government on budgeting, accountability and service delivery.
Similarly, Garba Mohammed, Co-Chair of the Kaduna Maternal Accountability Mechanism (KADMAM), said the engagement was aimed at reviewing health budget performance against key indicators linked to maternal mortality reduction and child survival.
Mohammed said participants examined first and second quarter performance, particularly in areas such as family planning, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (MNCAH), nutrition, malaria, immunisation and essential medicines.
He said family planning interventions largely involved commodities at the primary healthcare level, while MNCAH activities remained largely donor-dependent.
Mohammed commended the Kaduna State Government for meeting the Abuja Declaration benchmark of allocating at least 15 per cent of its annual budget to health.
He, however, expressed concern over gaps in the implementation of some critical health budget lines, stressing that allocation alone was not enough to improve health outcomes.
“We have looked at the budget allocation, and Kaduna State has met the 15 per cent Abuja Declaration benchmark. We commend the state for that. However, there are still issues around budget performance in critical health indicators,” he said.
He said the findings would be used to identify advocacy priorities and engage key government decision-makers, including the Ministry of Health, Planning and Budget Commission, Ministry of Finance and other relevant authorities.
Mohammed said participants were expected to understand the relevant health budget lines and their implementation status and use the knowledge to undertake evidence-based advocacy in their respective organisations.
Meanwhile, Yusuf Guje, Executive Director, Civic Impact for Sustainable Development Foundation (CISDF), and a participant at the programme, told the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) that the engagement was timely in strengthening the capacity of civil society and accountability mechanisms.
Guje said the programme would deepen participants’ capacity in budget tracking, project monitoring and social auditing, particularly within the health sector.
He described the health sector as a critical pillar of development, saying civil society organisations had an important role to play in complementing government efforts through effective monitoring and accountability.
He said CSOs needed to strengthen their ability to analyse budgets, track expenditure and visit healthcare facilities to determine whether appropriated and released funds were being properly utilised.
“Civil society needs to really improve on how effectively we analyse the budget, how we track the spending, and go down to the various facilities to see how well the money appropriated and released is being utilised,” Guje said.
He said effective monitoring would help determine the extent to which communities benefited from government investments in healthcare.
According to him, Kaduna State’s commitment to Universal Health Coverage could only be strengthened through sustainable health financing and effective accountability mechanisms.
Guje described CSOs as representatives of communities that often lacked the knowledge, skills and platforms required to engage government on public policies and resource allocation.
He therefore urged civil society actors to continuously strengthen their capacity to represent citizens effectively, particularly in health financing advocacy and accountability.
“As civil society, we need to remain committed to holding the government accountable where necessary and tracking the entire health financing process,” he said.
Guje said the ultimate objective of budget tracking and social accountability was to ensure value for money in public expenditure on health.
He added that effective monitoring of public finances would contribute to improved healthcare delivery and better health outcomes at the grassroots. (NAN)
Health
C’River Makes Health Insurance Compulsory for Civil Servants
Cross River Government has made enrolment in the state Health Insurance Scheme compulsory for all civil and public servants in the state.
The Head of Service, Bassey Okon, announced this in a circular dated Sept.
3, following the official relaunch of the Formal Sector Enrolment Programme of the Cross River State Health Insurance Agency.According to the circular in Calabar, at the weekend, the directive takes immediate effect.
Okon stated that the policy was meant to ensure that all the civil and public servants had access to affordable, quality, and timely healthcare services, while strengthening the welfare and productivity of the state workforce.
He directed all the civil and public servants to enroll in the scheme and comply with the registration and documentation requirements of the agency.
The circular also introduced a mandatory requirement for officers to attach valid health insurance enrolment cards to official correspondences relating to personnel matters.
“Correspondences concerning promotion, confirmation of appointment, loan applications, study leave, training or sponsorship, transfer or secondment, as well as other personnel-related requests or benefits, would not be processed without the attachment of a valid health insurance enrolment card,” it stated.
To facilitate the enrolment process, the government established enrolment points at the Office of the Head of Service, New Secretariat, Calabar, and the Ministry of Health, Old Secretariat, Calabar.
Okon directed all Heads of Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs) to ensure that officers under their supervision were duly informed about the circular and made to comply with the enrolment requirement without delay.
He also urged concerned officers to take advantage of the designated enrolment points for guidance and assistance and to complete their enrolment as required.
He further directed all the heads of the MDAs to bring the contents of the circular to the attention of all civil and public servants under their supervision. (NAN)


