Health
Lassa Fever: Nigeria Records 174 Deaths, 1,035 Confirmed Cases from January to October – FG
By Laide Akinboade, Abuja
The Federal Government, FG, on Tuesday said as of October 13th, Nigeria has recorded 8,569 suspected cases, 1,035 confirmed cases, and 174 deaths of Lassa Fever, have been reported across 28 states and 129 Local Government Areas, LGAs.
Director General, Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, NCDC, Dr.
Jide Idris, stated this while briefing the media, in Abuja, on prevention and creating awareness on Lassa Fever and Cerebrospinal Meningitis (CSM), in the country.He said considering a steady increase in the number of states reporting Lassa fever cases, it is imperative to prevent, detect, and respond to cases of Lassa fever across the country.
According to the DG, “We have continued to see a steady increase in the number of states reporting Lassa fever cases. This rise is due, in part, to improved surveillance, better community awareness, environmental degradation from climate change, and other harmful human activities. In 2022, Nigeria reported 1,067 confirmed cases across 27 states and 112 LGAs. In 2023, 28 states and 114 LGAs reported confirmed cases, with 9,155 suspected cases, 1,270 confirmed cases, and 227 deaths.
“As of October 13, 2024, 8,569 suspected cases, 1,035 confirmed cases, and 174 deaths have been reported across 28 states and 129 LGAs.
“Lassa fever is an acute viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF) caused by the Lassa virus. The natural reservoir for the virus is the multimammate rat (also known as the African rat). Other rodents can also act as carriers of the virus.
“The disease is also associated with significant loss of livelihood in the communities it ravages. Heads of households are unable to work when exposed to Lassa fever and when other household members are infected, the cost of care and treatment of the disease which is often significant strains existing household income pushing households toward poverty in a swift turn of events.
“Lassa fever outbreaks are highly virulent and the loss of human lives resulting from disease are not just statistics but represent the death of beloved family members, spouses, parents. Healthcare workers are also not excluded as there is a high chance of infection if proper infection prevention and control measures are not observed and experienced healthcare workers may die further straining the country’s already insufficient human resources for health.
While we continue to intensify efforts using an all-of-society approach, the public is hereby advised to note that the virus spreads through:
Direct contact with urine, faeces, saliva, or blood of infected rats.
“Contact with objects, household items, and surfaces contaminated with the urine, faeces, saliva, or blood of infected rats.
Consuming food or water contaminated with the urine, faeces, saliva, or blood of infected rats.
Person-to-person transmission can also occur through direct contact with blood, urine, faeces, vomitus, and other body fluids of an infected person”.
NCDC boss, said the symptoms for Lassa Fever, is like other common illnesses accompanied by a fever, such as malaria. Other symptoms include headache, general body weakness, cough, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, muscle pains, chest pain, sore throat, and, in severe cases, bleeding from ears, eyes, nose, mouth, and other body openings. The time between infection and the appearance of symptoms of the disease is 3 to 21 days. Early diagnosis and treatment of the diseases greatly increase the chances of patient survival.
People most at risk for Lassa fever are:
People of all age groups who come in contact with the urine, faeces, saliva, or blood of infected rats.
He therefore advised the populace to ensure they always keep your environment clean, block all holes in your house to prevent the entry of rats and other rodents, cover your dustbins and dispose of refuse properly and communities should set up dump sites far from their homes to reduce the chances of the entry of rodents into their homes.
Also store food items such as rice, garri, beans, corn/maize, etc., in tightly sealed or well-covered containers, avoid drying food stuff outside on the ground or roadside, where it is at risk of contamination and eliminate rats in homes and communities by setting rat traps and other appropriate and safe means.
The Dr. Jide Idris, also spoke on prevention of Cerebrospinal Meningitis (CSM), said Nigeria recorded 4,915 suspected and 380 confirmed cases with 361 deaths across 174 Local Government Areas (LGAs) in 24 States including the Federal Capital Territory.
However, noted that, weather conditions like the dry season that comes with dust, winds, cold nights, and frequent upper respiratory tract infections increase the risk of infection, especially with crowding and poor ventilation.
He said, “The highest burden of CSM in Nigeria occurs in the “Meningitis Belt” which includes all 19 states in the Northern region, the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), and some southern states such as Bayelsa, Cross River, Delta, Ekiti, Ogun, Ondo, Osun).
“In 2023/2024, Nigeria recorded 4915 suspected and 380 confirmed cases with 361 deaths across 174 Local Government Areas (LGAs) in 24 States including the Federal Capital Territory. A total of 2, 281, 750 doses of Men5CV- ACWYX in Bauchi, Gombe, Jigawa and Yobe covering 134 wards in the 13 LGAs. The campaign targeted individuals aged 1-29years, comprising 70% of the population.
He said CSM occurs when there is an acute inflammation of the covering of the brain and the spinal cord. This inflammation can be caused by infection with any of the following organisms – bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi. Injuries and certain drugs can also cause such inflammation.
“CSM is an epidemic-prone disease with cases reported all year round in Nigeria. However, weather conditions like the dry season that comes with dust, winds, cold nights, and frequent upper respiratory tract infections increase the risk of infection, especially with crowding and poor ventilation. The highest burden of CSM in Nigeria occurs in the “Meningitis Belt” which includes all 19 states in the Northern region, the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), and some southern states such as Bayelsa, Cross River, Delta, Ekiti, Ogun, Ondo, Osun)”, he stressed.
He lamented that, despite the progress in surveillance, diagnostic capacity, and vaccination over the last few years, CSM remains a priority disease and ever-present public health threat in Nigeria with annual outbreaks in high-burden states that present a challenge for people, health systems, economies, and communities.
He therefore said the disease spreads through,
direct person-to-person contact, including droplets from the nose and throat of infected persons and close and prolonged contact with an infected individual.
According to him, the symptoms for the disease include, fever, headache, nausea and vomiting, photophobia (pain on looking at bright lights), neck stiffness, and altered conscious levels. It may be more difficult to observe these signs in younger children, but irritability, poor feeding, and inactivity are common.
He therefore advised that the citizens should ensure they receive the appropriate vaccination required to protect against meningitis, avoid close and prolonged contact with a confirmed case of CSM including relatives, avoid overcrowding on households, schools dormitories, IDPs, prisons other communal settings and practice proper respiratory hygiene when coughing or sneezing.
Stop indoor air pollution, such as indoor cooking over open flames, practice good personal and hand hygiene by frequently washing hands with soap under running water or using hand sanitisers when necessary, always keep your environment clean and visit the nearest health facility immediately if you notice any of the signs and symptoms associated with CSM.
Health
WAHO, ECOWAS Countries Move to Tackle Health Worker Shortages, Brain Drain Through Regional Retention Plan
By David Torough, Abuja
The West African Health Organization (WAHO) has called for stronger regional collaboration and practical policy interventions to address health workforce shortages, brain drain and poor working conditions across Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) member countries.
The call was made at the opening ceremony of a three-day workshop in Abuja to finalize the work plan for motivating and retaining health workers across the ECOWAS region.
Speaking on behalf of the Minister of State for Health, Dr. Ishiaka Adekunle Salako, Dr.
John Ovuoranye said the Nigerian government was pleased to host the regional meeting, describing it as an opportunity to align national, regional and continental efforts towards strengthening Africa’s health workforce.He noted that the workshop coincided with other major health-related engagements in Nigeria, including activities marking the 50th anniversary of the West African College of Physicians and a high-level African Union forum on the continent’s community health workforce.
According to him, the convergence of the events reflects growing recognition among African countries that addressing health workforce challenges requires coordinated action rather than isolated interventions.
Ovuoranye emphasized that the work plan being developed by WAHO and its partners must complement broader continental initiatives, particularly the African Union’s target of expanding the community health workforce by two million workers by 2028.
He explained that while continental initiatives would establish broader frameworks for strengthening the health workforce, the ECOWAS work plan would focus on practical measures to motivate health professionals and encourage them to remain in the region.
He stressed that the different initiatives must be aligned to ensure that training, recruitment, motivation and retention efforts produce sustainable results.
The minister’s representative also highlighted Nigeria’s preparedness in responding to public health emergencies, citing the country’s response to a reported Ebola case.
He said the country had activated surveillance and contact-tracing measures, adding that the experience demonstrated the importance of having adequately trained personnel and effective health systems to respond to emerging threats.
Ovuoranye urged other countries in the region to strengthen their preparedness and invest in the health workforce, noting that the movement of people across national borders makes regional cooperation essential.
In a presentation on the meeting’s objectives and expected outcomes, the representative of the WAHO Director General, Professor Joseph Olorunda, described health workers as the backbone of health systems and warned that shortages and unequal distribution of personnel continued to threaten healthcare delivery across West Africa.
He said the workshop was expected to move beyond general discussions about workforce challenges to identify specific problems confronting member countries and develop practical strategies to address them.
According to Olorunda, participants would examine the relationship between motivation and retention, identify areas where policies and partnerships could support improvements, and agree on actions that governments and relevant institutions could implement.
He stressed that the effectiveness of a health system depended not only on infrastructure and technology but also on the availability of adequately trained and motivated professionals to deliver services.
Olorunda identified poor working conditions, delayed salary payments, inadequate remuneration, limited career progression, weak political commitment and the migration of skilled professionals to higher-income countries as major factors undermining workforce retention in the region.
He argued that investments in hospitals, equipment and other health infrastructure would not deliver the desired results without sufficient numbers of skilled personnel to operate them.
The WAHO representative also raised concerns about disparities in health professional education and training across countries, including differences in programme duration, admission requirements, diploma recognition and professional qualifications.
He called for sustained efforts to harmonize training standards and qualifications across the region to improve professional mobility and ensure that health workers receive appropriate preparation for their responsibilities.
Drawing attention to the scale of migration, Olorunda cited Nigeria and Ghana as examples of countries facing persistent challenges in retaining trained health professionals.
He noted that Ghana had recorded substantial outward migration of nurses, while Nigeria continued to face the loss of doctors and nurses to countries offering more attractive employment opportunities.
He also highlighted the particular difficulties confronting countries such as Liberia and Sierra Leone, where conflict and fragile health systems have compounded workforce shortages.
According to him, the challenges vary across countries, making it necessary for the regional work plan to recognize national circumstances while establishing common priorities for action.
Olorunda maintained that governments must treat health workforce retention as a fundamental health system priority rather than a secondary concern.
He called for competitive and timely remuneration, improved working environments, professional recognition, structured career advancement and measures to protect the safety and welfare of health workers.
He also cautioned against relying excessively on compulsory service arrangements and other restrictive measures to prevent migration, arguing that improving employment conditions would provide a more sustainable incentive for professionals to remain in their home countries.
He urged policymakers to ensure that health workers are adequately rewarded for their expertise and years of training, while providing opportunities for professional development and advancement.
The WAHO representative further emphasized that political commitment would be essential to implementing the work plan, noting that even well-designed policies would have little impact without adequate funding and effective institutional support.
He called on participants to use the workshop to develop a practical document that could guide decision-makers in addressing staffing gaps, improving workforce distribution and strengthening the retention of skilled personnel.
The three-day workshop is expected to produce a finalized regional work plan outlining strategies to improve the motivation and retention of health workers across ECOWAS member countries.
The initiative is intended to strengthen regional cooperation in addressing workforce shortages, improve the working conditions of health professionals and support the delivery of quality healthcare services to populations across West Africa
Health
Lokoja CMD Seeks More Investments in Healthcare Delivery
From Joseph Amedu, Lokoja
The Chief Medical Director of the Federal Teaching Hospital, Lokoja, Professor Abdulrahman Shehu, has called for more investment in healthcare delivery
The Chief Medical Director particularly woos philanthropists, the Federal Government and the Kogi State Government to invest more in the health sector to improve healthcare delivery and strengthen hospital infrastructure.
Prof. Shehu made the call while interacting with members of the Correspondent’s Chapel of Nigeria Union of Journalists, Kogi State Council who were in his office to clarify some issues affecting the hospital on Friday.
The renowned medical practitioner who was represented by the Chairman, Medical Advisory Committee (CMAC) Dr Raphael Odekunle, said increased private-sector and philanthropic support would complement government efforts in providing modern facilities, medical equipment and other essential resources required for hospitals to deliver quality and affordable healthcare services.
The CMD, who spoke on efforts by the new management to reposition the hospital, said the administration was committed to improving infrastructure, enhancing service delivery and ensuring that healthcare workers remained responsive to patients’ needs.
He stressed that the management would continue to introduce reforms aimed at making services more accessible, efficient and patient-friendly.
Shehu urged patients experiencing difficulties in the course of receiving treatment to channel their complaints through the hospital’s Servicom platform, describing it as an effective avenue for prompt attention to their concerns.
According to him, the platform provides patients with an opportunity to report challenges encountered while accessing healthcare services, enabling the management to identify and address such issues without unnecessary delays.
To reduce the stress of moving between departments in search of medical services, the CMD disclosed that the hospital had introduced a clinical system that brings essential service units together in one location.
He explained that the arrangement accommodates revenue, pharmacy, laboratory and National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) units, allowing patients to access the services they need more conveniently.
Shehu said the management planned to extend the system to other parts of the hospital to further improve service delivery and minimise the difficulties patients encounter while seeking treatment.
He, however, appealed to the Federal Government to intervene in the hospital’s infrastructure, noting that improved facilities were necessary to bring its operations in line with the standards expected of a teaching hospital.
On the hospital’s wallet payment system, the CMD defended the arrangement, describing it as a measure designed to promote transparency, accountability and curb fraudulent practices.
He explained that the system enables the hospital to manage patients’ payments in an accountable manner while ensuring that funds are used to provide the required services.
Shehu acknowledged concerns over delays in refunding patients’ unspent balances, assuring that the management was working to remove the bottlenecks associated with the process.
“We are working on how best we can remove the bottlenecks associated with delays in refunding unspent money to patients,” he said.
The CMD also appealed to the Federal and Kogi State governments to intensify public awareness and encourage more residents to enrol in the National Health Insurance Scheme to improve access to healthcare.
He noted that measures were being put in place to ensure the availability of drugs under the scheme, while clarifying that not all medications were covered by the NHIS.
Shehu urged enrollees to familiarise themselves with the scheme’s drug coverage to avoid misunderstandings when accessing prescribed medications.
On emergency care, the CMD assured that the hospital would continue to prioritise saving lives, stressing that emergency cases were attended to before payment was demanded.
He said the hospital’s primary responsibility was to preserve lives, adding that financial considerations would not take precedence over urgent medical attention in emergency situations.
The CMD further pledged that the management would sustain the training and retraining of medical and non-medical personnel to improve professionalism, strengthen patient relations and ensure that patients received satisfactory care.
He expressed confidence that the ongoing reforms, combined with improved infrastructure and support from government and private benefactors, would enhance the hospital’s capacity to provide quality healthcare services to the people.
Earlier, the Chairman of the Correspondents’ Chapel of the Nigeria Union of Journalists (NUJ), Kogi State Council, Comrade Segun Ademola Salami, commended the management of the hospital for upgrading its facilities to enhance effective healthcare delivery to residents of Kogi State and Nigerians at large.
He urged the Chief Medical Director (CMD) not to relent in his efforts to ensure that the hospital lives up to its status as a teaching hospital through the provision of quality and accessible healthcare services.
Comrade Salami, however, appealed to the management to address the challenges patients encounter while accessing medical services at the facility.
Foreign News
Senate Demands Compulsory Screening of Foreign Arrivals
By Eze Okechukwu, Abuja
The Senate yesterday ordered mandatory health screening for every international passenger arriving Nigeria airports, seaports, land borders as Ebola resurfaces in the Democratic Republic of Congo with a scare case reported in the FCT.
The resolution followed an urgent motion by Senator Francis Fadahunsi, who warned that with Lassa fever already ravaging states, Nigeria cannot afford another outbreak.
“Protecting our entry points is far cheaper than managing Ebola,” Fadahunsi told the chamber.
Lawmakers insisted screening must be total and indiscriminate — no exemptions based on nationality or departure country because infected travellers can transit through safe-listed nations.
Senator Diket Plang raised the stakes further, demanding immediate funding for NCDC and Port Health Services, including release of withheld funds and emergency budget.
Senate President Godswill Akpabio said the Federal Government has started releasing Ebola response funds but ordered relevant committees to track every kobo.
“Ascertain whether the funds were released and judiciously utilised. Any outstanding debt must be released by the Finance Ministry without delay,” Akpabio directed.


