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Naira Tumbles 51.95% Despite CBN Measures

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The value of the naira to the dollar fell from 196.99 in December 2015 to 410 in April 2021, reflecting a 51.95 per cent decline despite the various foreign exchange policies introduced by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to strengthen the currency.

The value of the nation’s currency nosedived in June against the dollar, exchanging for as high as N502 in the parallel market also known as black market.

According to a monthly document obtained from the CBN’s website, the

value of naira at the inter-bank forex market stood at N196.

99 as of

December 2015.

In a move to achieve exchange rate stability and preserve the

country’s forex reserves, the CBN in 2015 reviewed downwards the

spending limit on the usage of naira-denominated debit cards for

transactions abroad.

In a circular issued in April 2015 signed by the then Director of

Trade and Exchange, Olakanmi Gbadamosi, the bank said the limit had

been reduced from $150,000 to $50,000 per person annually, while daily

cash withdrawals per person was pegged at $300.

After six months of implementing the policy, the value of naira in the

official window remained stable at 197/$, but fell from 210/$ to 258/$

at the parallel market.

In June 2015, the CBN announced that it was stopping the supply of

forex to 41 items that could be easily produced in Nigeria, a

development that brought about the forex exclusion policy.

The implication of the policy is that importers of items on the forex

restriction list would not be able to get forex directly from the

windows created by the apex bank to bring the products into the

country.

A circular issued by CBN said, “The implementation of this policy will

conserve foreign reserves as well as facilitate the resurrection of

domestic industries and improve employment generation.”

However, after about a year of implementation, the value of naira

plummeted at both markets, falling from 197/$ to 232/$ and 218/$ to

351/$ at the official and parallel markets respectively.

In 2017, the exchange rate at the official window fell to the N300/$1

threshold, ranging between N305 to N306 to a dollar.

This was despite the introduction by the CBN of a new window for

investors, exporters and end-users aimed at driving liquidity in the

forex market.

From January 2020 to April 2021, the naira continued in a downward

trend at both markets, falling from 307/$1 to 381/$1 in the official

window and 361/$1 to 481/$1 at the parallel market.

Within this period, the CBN adopted new forex rules. For instance, in

November 2020, the bank announced that recipients of diaspora inflows

could receive their funds in foreign currency or have it transferred

to their domiciliary accounts where they also have options to withdraw

in cash or transfer.

In March 2021 the CBN introduced an incentive of N5 for every $1 of

fund remitted to Nigeria through International Money Transfer

Organisations, as part of its reforms to boost the inflow of foreign

currency in the country.

The incentive was termed ‘Naira-4-dollar scheme’.

Speaking on the CBN policy, an economist and the current Chairman of

Foundation for Economic Research and Training, Prof. Akpan Ekpo, said

the idea behind the naira-4-dollar scheme was to shore up the exchange rate.

COVER

NNPCL Reduces Petrol Price to Match Dangote’s N899 Per Litre

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By David Torough, Abuja

In what appears like a marketing war, the Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited (NNPCL) has reduced the petrol pump price from N1,020 to N899 per litre.

This pricing competition emerged in the downstream sector emerged on Saturday after NNPCL reduced its depot price of petrol.

This just few days after the Dangote Refinery reduced its price to N899.

The new price indicates a reduction of N141 or 13.

56 percent, from N1,040 per litre it sold to customers living in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT).

According to the Petroleum Products Retail Outlets Owners Association of Nigeria (PETROAN), the price reduction was based on regional pricing scheme.

The association said under the arrangement, it would sell for N970 per litre in parts of the South South region.

A statement signed by the association’s National Public Relations Officer, Dr Joseph Obele, and quoting a document released by NNPCL’s Commercial Department, said marketers could offtake products based on the regional pricing scheme.

The document indicated that marketers would buy the product at N899 per litre in Lagos State, matching the price offered by the Dangote refinery a few days ago.

Marketers purchasing from its Warri, Oghara, Port Harcourt, and Calabar depots would pay N970 per litre to offtake products.

The statement read, “The Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited has taken a significant step in response to the competitive impact of deregulation in the downstream sector.

“The company recently reduced the ex-depot price of Premium Motor Spirit from N1,020 to N899 per litre.

“The price reduction by NNPCL is seen as a response to the competitive impact of deregulation, which has led to increased competition in the downstream sector.”

However, the NNPC spokesperson, Olufemi Soneye, declined to speak when contacted.

But Obele noted that the price reduction by the national oil firm was a response to the competitive impact of deregulation, which had led to increased competition in the downstream sector.

He expressed optimism that PMS prices would drop further before the end of January 2025 given the global decline in crude oil prices and the naira’s recent gain against the dollar.

Obele described the trend as a price war and emphasised that the price reduction by the Dangote refinery and the NNPCL demonstrated the benefits of competition. He advocated the immediate privatisation of government-owned refineries.

The move is expected to spark a price war among oil marketers, ultimately benefiting consumers.

In his reaction, National President of the Independent Petroleum Marketers Association of Nigeria, Abubakar Maigandi, said Nigerians would get fuel at cheaper rates once the marketers start taking the product at the reduced rate from NNPCL.

“The two most critical stakeholders in the sector have already reduced the rate, which is a very good development for us.

“So once we start taking fuel at the reduced rate, we are going to reduce our price too. We will also apply the price reduction percentage of the NNPCL,” he stated.

Also, the National Publicity Secretary of IPMAN, Mr Chinedu Ukadike, expressed satisfaction with the price reduction.

According to him, the price adjustment underscores the benefits of healthy competition brought about by the deregulation of the downstream sector.

“It’s a welcome development. And that is the duty of deregulation. Once the competition is held, there will be constant reduction in price of fuel,” Ukadike said.

He attributed the price drop not only to NNPCL’s readiness for the deregulated pricing regime but also to a reduction in the foreign exchange rate.

“As we continue to have multiple choices, we will also have multiple chances of continuous reduction. So IPMAN is very happy, and as we are buying the product cheaper, we will also see it cheaper to the consumers,” he added.

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Tinubu Cancels Engagements after Stampedes Kill 39

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By Johnson Eyiangho & Laide Akinboade Abuja

Following the tragedies that followed attempts to distribute food to Nigerians, President Bola Tinubu yesterday cancelled all his official events in Lagos, including his attendance at the 2024 Lagos Boat Regatta to mourn the stampede victims in Abuja and Okija, Anambra.

Tinubu was scheduled to watch the boat parade and other activities of the Boat Regatta from the waterfront of his Queen’s Drive residence in Ikoyi, his spokesman, Mr Bayo Onanuga, said in a statement.

Dignitaries, including top officials of the Lagos State Government and chiefs from the state, were already seated when the president cancelled his appearance following briefings on the tragedies.

Commiserating with the victims of the incidents in Anambra and the FCT, Tinubu urged states and relevant authorities to enforce strict crowd control measures immediately.

Tinubu said local and state authorities should no longer tolerate operational lapses by organisations and corporate bodies involved in charitable and humanitarian activities.

No fewer than 39 Nigerians have lost their lives following stampedes during food-sharing events in Okija, Anambra State, and Maitama, Abuja during the weekend.

In the struggle to get ahead and obtain the free food items distributed by organisers, the residents trampled upon one another, leading to the deaths.

While 10 residents died in Abuja, 29 were reported killed in Anambra.

These stampedes came days after a similar incident occurred in Ibadan, Oyo State, where 35 children lost their lives and several others were left critically injured during a funfair.

Similarly, 10 persons were confirmed dead at the Holy Trinity Catholic Church, Maitama, Abuja in a stampede, where a food outreach was held on Saturday.

It was gathered that the incident occurred around 6am during an annual charity event organised by parishes of the Catholic Church to distribute foodstuffs to the poor and the vulnerable in the community.

An eyewitness said the crowd remained orderly until around 5am.

He said, “Many people came from Mararaba, Nyanya, and Mpape areas to benefit from the church’s food distribution.

“To be honest, the church didn’t anticipate the size of the crowd that showed up. Although there were two security operatives on duty, they couldn’t manage the growing crowd effectively.

“Initially, everyone was orderly, but as the day broke, the number of people doubled. In their desperation to get the rice first, people began pushing and shoving.

“Before we knew it, we started hearing cries for help from those who had fallen or sustained injuries. The police came to rescue those injured and dispersed others who waited behind with the hope that the distribution would continue.”

 In Anambra, no fewer than 29 persons have been reported dead and many others injured during a stampede that occurred at the gate of the Charity Event at the Obijackson Centre in Amanranta, Okija, Ihiala LGA of Anambra State.

It was also gathered that the stampede, which occurred at the venue of the sharing of palliatives, including 25kg bags of rice, vegetable oil, and money, was a result of poor crowd control.

It was learnt that the victims, particularly elderly women and children, were trampled upon as they struggled to gain entrance amid a large and uncontrollable crowd.

It was observed at the scene that many shoes and slippers belonging to the victims were littered on the ground in front of the gate as security operatives battled to control the surging crowd, who were still forcing their way onto the premises.

Despite the stampede and the tragic incident, the sharing of palliatives continued, with beneficiaries going home with 25kg bags of rice, vegetable oil, noodles, and cash gifts from the foundation.

The palliatives were being donated by a notable member of the community, Chief Ernest Obiejesi (Obijackson), on behalf of the Obijackson Foundation.

Eyewitnesses at the venue said many who collapsed were rushed to hospital, while those who died were taken to the morgue.

Anambra State Commissioner for Information, Dr Law Mefor, confirmed the incident.

The 2023 presidential candidate of the Labour Party, Peter Obi, also mourned victims of the stampedes, describing the development as a reflection of poverty and systemic failure.

Obi, in a tweet on his official X handle at the weekend said the desperate quest for survival in the harsh economy drove the people to the extremes in search of food at the cost of their lives.

He said, “While I will not cast blame, but instead appreciate the organisers of these respective events for their kind gestures in providing palliatives and support to society, especially the poor, these tragedies reflect the systemic failures that plague our society.”

Similarly, the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) described the widespread food stampede in the country as a testament of an alarming level of misery, poverty, hunger, starvation, sense of hopelessness and desperation for survival by the citizens under the All Progressives Congress (APC)-led administration.

The party said it was devastated that the APC-led administration had wrecked the nation’s once thriving economy and pushed millions deeper into abject poverty and hunger with many citizens, not being able to afford their daily meals, now resorting to desperate measures including slavery mission abroad and fighting for crumbs for survival.

In a statement by its Spokesman, Hon. Debo Ologunagba, yesterday lamented the tragic stampede at private events in Oyo and Anambra states as well as Abuja which claimed the lives of more than 60 vulnerable citizens including children in their desperate struggle for food as a result of the pervasive hunger in the land.

The statement called on Nigerians to hold the Tinubu-led APC administration responsible for the remote cause of those tragic occurrences for which it must recompense.

The PDP accused the APC of false performance claims including empty assurances of food sufficiency while deliberately failing to make the required investments to boost the productive sector, particularly in agriculture and food production.

It demanded the immediate review of all the ‘suffocating economic and tax policies’ of the APC administration which it said are bringing misery and death to Nigerians daily.

The Inspector-General of Police, Kayode Egbetokun, expressed deep concerns over the unorganised distribution of palliatives and relief items across Nigeria during the festive period.

The Force Spokesperson, Muyiwa Adejobi, said the IG had ordered the Commissioners of Police in the affected states to investigate the deaths for possible legal actions.

He stated that the organisers of this charity are liable for criminal offences, citing relevant provisions in Nigeria’s Penal and Criminal Codes.

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Tinubu Orders Investigation into Ibadan Stampede Incident

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By David Torough, Abuja

President Bola Tinubu has directed the relevant authorities to investigate the circumstances that led to the tragic incident at the Children’s funfair in Ibadan, which resulted in the loss of lives and injuries.

Presidential Spokesman Bayo Onanuga, in a statement stressed the importance of determining whether negligence or deliberate actions contributed to this painful development, ensuring a transparent and accountable process.

The president, who expressed profound sadness over the tragic incident on Thursday, extended condolences to the government and people of Oyo State, as well as to the grieving families who have lost their beloved children.

The statement read, “In this moment of mourning, President Tinubu stands in solidarity with the affected families and offers prayers that the Almighty God will grant peace to the souls of those who have departed in this unfortunate event.

“President Tinubu has urgently directed the relevant authorities to investigate the circumstances of this tragedy thoroughly. He emphasises that it is imperative to determine whether negligence or deliberate actions contributed to this painful incident, ensuring a transparent and accountable process.

“The President urges the Oyo State Government to take every necessary measure to prevent such a tragedy from reoccurring.”

The president wants a comprehensive review of all public events’ safety measures, strict enforcement of safety regulations, and regular safety audits of event venues.

He called on event organizers to prioritize the safety of all attendees, especially children, just as he stressed the importance of integrating professional security, protocol, and logistics at events to ensure the utmost safety of all participants.

According to the president, “Our children’s safety and well-being remain paramount. No event should ever compromise their safety or take precedence over their lives.”

So far, police have confirmed that 35 children died while six others were critically injured.

According to a statement by the Oyo State Police Command through the spokesman, Adewale Osifeso, yesterday, the organisers of the event, including the main sponsor, Naomi Silekunola, the estranged wife of the Ooni of Ile-Ife, Oba Adeyeye Enitan Ogunwusi, and her media partner, Agidigbo FM, the principal of the school, and five others, have been arrested in connection with the tragedy.

The police stated that the event was organised by the Wings Foundation and media partners Agidigbo FM, without proper permission or safety measures in place.

The police said they have commenced an investigation into the incident and have promised to bring those responsible to justice.

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