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Russia-Ukraine Crisis, NATO and Regional Security Matters

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By Kestér Kenn Klomegâh

Building on the security concerns and achievements primarily in the Central Asian and Eurasian regions has been the main focus for Russia. The current global instability and rapidly changing geopolitical situation, combined with the Russia-Ukraine crisis, demand that Russia tightly strengthen its security, particularly along its borders with the Baltic and Europe.

The Baltic States and European Union members are an inseparable part of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), backing Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity in the former Soviet region.
The Russia-Ukraine crisis, already in its third year since Feb.
2022, has to some extent shattered and impacted the global economy and twisted relations between countries.Within the context of ensuring regional stability and protection from unjustifiable conditions, and ultimately addressing the internal goals of sustainable economic transformations and providing better lives for its people, Moscow’s 13th international conference of highly-positioned representatives in charge of security issues turned out to be extremely significant. The conference, held on May 27-29 in Moscow, gathered many delegations, especially from Asia and Africa, in addition to the Central Asia and Eurasian region. More than 40 African delegations, including the African Union (AU) and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), participated, according to the press service of the Security Council of the Russian Federation.“Large-scale geopolitical changes have directly affected the interests of countries of the global South and East. The voice of African countries is being heard more and more clearly as they strive to conduct their foreign policy in the interests of their peoples and defend their right to freely choose how to move forward,” the Russian Security Council emphasized in an official statement ahead of the conference. “Russia has always helped its African partners in defending their sovereignty, national interests and their legitimate role in the system of international relations,” it added.The 13th International Security Conference opened and reaffirmed strong commitments to its significant status and authority. In a video-wired speech, President Vladimir Putin concretely underlined the substantial programme, with the main discussions dedicated to the prospects of establishing a new global security architecture. As for Russia, the approaches remain principled and unchanged. That is “the new security architecture must be equal and indivisible” – and that all states must receive firm guarantees of their security, but not at the expense of the security and interests of other countries.Putin, however, believes that it is vital to make the whole continent a space of peace and stability, an example of sustainable economic, social, and cultural development. And that the foundation for creating such a universal security system could be the existing and well-established multilateral cooperation formats, such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the Eurasian Economic Union, the Collective Security Treaty Organization, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, and many others. In essence, reference was made to the conference’s participating states of the Global South and East.Today, it is especially important to preserve the truth, and this grossly reflected on a shared conviction for an integrated regional security, as Vladimir Putin again called for further deepening and broadening cooperation on security monitoring mechanisms, collaborated efforts for shaping a safer world, and for addressing existing and/or emerging global challenges.Central Asian States, Eurasian States and African States have re-echoed those sentiments, framing statements around sustaining world peace and stability, as an essential ingredient for economic transformations. These States, together with Russia, strongly expressed unfairness over NATO’s expansion eastwards, shifting military operations closer to the borders of Russia. In addition, for instance, with plans of incorporating into the NATO alliance such countries as Finland, Georgia, Ukraine and Moldova.In summing up the results of military technical cooperation in 2024, Putin reiterated the “defence industry keeps producing practically the entire range of military goods at maximum capacity.” The key priority remains the same, which is to meet all the needs of the units and detachments engaged in the Special Military Operation. Reminding here that ‘Special Military Operation’ was to de-militarize and de-nazify Ukraine, began in February 2022, under the presidential decree and on the approval of both State Duma (Lower Chamber of Legislators) and Federation Council (Senate).In an assessment, Russia remains among the top five leaders of the global arms market and retains its leading export positions in many areas. This is another testimony to the high quality, reliability and effectiveness of the defence items we produce. Therefore, practically the entire range of Russian weaponry – from target acquisition and engagement systems to air defence systems, aircraft, unmanned systems and armoured vehicles – displays its effectiveness, undergoing rigorous testing not only on testing grounds or during drills but, crucially, on the ground and on the frontline, and in real combat. There is regular modernisation of the defence industry.Russia considers the West’s emphasis on the principle of territorial integrity while completely ignoring the provision on the right of peoples to self-determination in the context of the Ukrainian conflict to be unacceptable, Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said at the conference. “We consider the West’s, as well as the heads of the UN Secretariat and other international bodies’ emphasis on the principle of territorial integrity while completely disregarding the right of nations to self-determination absolutely unacceptable,” he told the fully-packed hall of both local and foreign participants.Lavrov recalled that the principle of self-determination became the international legal foundation for the decolonization process, bringing freedom to many countries in Africa and other regions of the world. “The international community has long provided a comprehensive response to the apparent conflict between the principles of territorial integrity and self-determination. In 1970, the UN General Assembly adopted by consensus the Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Cooperation among States in accordance with the UN Charter. It explicitly states that it is necessary to respect the territorial integrity of states whose governments represent the entire population living on a given territory and do not violate the right to self-determination,” Lavrov said.Russia is witnessing attempts by NATO countries to militarize the Arctic region and Moscow’s reaction will be “both conceptual and practical,” Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said at the opening of a plenary session of international socio-political hearings on the issues of shaping a single equitable security and cooperation system in Eurasia. That was two days after the International Security Conference.“If we look at the continent’s north, we are registering brazen attempts to militarize the Arctic, seeking pretexts for deployment by NATO infrastructure,” he said. “These adverse trends require an adequate response, both conceptually and practically. We are confident that the majority of other Eurasian countries that cannot be satisfied with such a situation share this attitude,” the top Russian diplomat added.According to Lavrov, Russia is not interested in an endless confrontation with any country. “Our interest is in ensuring reliable security, stability, and equal development conditions for all countries. We are confident that only this fair approach has the right to exist,” the Russian foreign minister emphasized.The conference concluded with a few declarations. Russian Defense Minister Andrey Belousov and the Secretary of the Russian Security Council, Sergey Shoigu, unreservedly insisted that time was up for addressing the rising security threats and for maintaining global peace and stability. Both praised the high-level security participation at the conference, emphasizing the importance of examining and thoroughly assessing the security architecture. Belousov and Shoigu categorized NATO’s activities as provocations to Russia, and noted the strength of Russia’s military as well as the consolidating regional security architecture. Both also noted persistent confrontation between Russia and the West in this new era of an emerging multipolar world.In these crucial times, the biggest issue is resolving the Russia-Ukraine crisis. And Putin has been on a worldwide campaign trail, consistently establishing the fact that Ukraine comes under Russia’s control. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the former Soviet republics became independent states and claimed legitimacy for their territorial boundaries. Public opinion and sentiments are now directed at Beijing’s newly formed International Organization for Mediation, through consensus-building dialogue, that could influence, provide “Chinese wisdom” for resolving the Russia-Ukraine crisis. Several BRICS members, including Brazil, China, India, and South Africa, have made unsuccessful attempts at strategic peace initiatives during these three years with Russia and Ukraine.The International Organization for Mediation body, headquartered in Hong Kong, aims to help promote the amicable resolution of international disputes and build more harmonious global relations. Beijing has touted the organization as the world’s first intergovernmental legal organization for resolving disputes through mediation, saying it will be an important mechanism in safeguarding the principles of the Charter of the United Nations. It also positioned Hong Kong as an international legal and dispute resolution services center in Asia. The establishment ceremony was attended by representatives from some 50 other countries and about 20 organizations, including the United Nations.Without much doubt, Russia still faces remarkable and daunting challenges, and these have raised questions about its future. Russia wants to overcome the existing development roadblocks and make way for practical development, utilizing the resources and further collaborating with key friendly external players. Besides the questions discussed above, Russia views the United Nations as a unique institution, the present-day world still needs several operations. Meanwhile, Russia will soon come out with an initiative on holding a global forum that will emphasize the indispensable nature of the United Nations in today’s world, one of the decisions taken at the 23rd International Likhachev Scientific Readings.Kestér Kenn Klomegâh has diverse work experience in the field of policy research and business consultancy. His focused interest includes geopolitical changes, foreign relations and economic development related questions in Africa with key global powers.

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NCS Warns Drug Smugglers After N5.8m Seizure

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By Tambaya Julius, Abuja 

The Nigeria Customs Service (NCS), Sokoto/Zamfara Area Command, has intercepted unregistered pharmaceutical products worth ₦5.8 million in Sokoto State.

The products were handed over to the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) on Wednesday for further investigation and necessary action.

The Acting Customs Area Comptroller, Halliru Abdullahi, said the drugs were intercepted by Customs patrol teams along the Illela-Sokoto road following credible intelligence.

He said the operation was part of efforts to curb smuggling, protect public health and enforce relevant laws, in line with the directive of the Comptroller-General of Customs, Bashir Adeniyi.

Abdullahi said the handover demonstrated the continued cooperation between the two agencies in tackling the circulation of unregistered pharmaceutical products.

The seized items included 360 packages of anti-cold medication, each containing 50 cards of four tablets; 500 packages of Amodiaquine, each containing 25 cards of three tablets; 140 packages of Paracetamol, each containing 100 cards of 10 tablets; and 100 packages of Quinine, each containing 10 cards of 10 tablets.

According to him, the importation of the unregistered drugs contravenes Section 55 of the Nigeria Customs Service Act, 2023, as well as relevant NAFDAC regulations.

He warned that unregistered medicines could pose serious health risks to consumers because they had not been certified for consumption.

“Let me use this opportunity to warn smugglers and those who deal in such unwholesome products that Sokoto/Zamfara Command, under my watch, will not tolerate any form of smuggling,” Abdullahi said.

He added that the command remained committed to protecting the health of Nigerians and safeguarding the nation’s economy.

The comptroller commended the officers involved in the seizure for their diligence and bravery and appreciated NAFDAC for its continued partnership with the Customs Service.

Receiving the products, NAFDAC’s Sokoto State Coordinator, Abdeslam Lawal, thanked the Customs Service for the seizure and its sustained cooperation with the agency.

Speaking on behalf of NAFDAC Director-General, Prof. Mojisola Adeyeye, and the agency’s management, Lawal said collaboration between the two organisations was essential to preventing unsafe and unregistered products from circulating in the country.

He commended the Customs officers for their efforts and called for sustained cooperation between the agencies to strengthen the protection of public health.

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PETAN Advocates Indigenous Capacity Development to Address Oil Industry Technical Gaps

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Petroleum Technology Association of Nigeria (PETAN), has strongly encouraged indigenous oil and gas companies to strengthen technical capability in order to close existing gaps in the country’s oil and gas industry.

The group said that as an association of indigenous technical oilfield service companies, it will pursue partnerships across the sector to broaden technical gaps and entrench skills and knowledge acquisition among members.

Making his remarks on Monday during its round Media Roundtable, in Lagos, Publicity Secretary of the PETAN, Dr. Joan Faluyi, said the event’s technical capability would form an integral part of discussion.

He said the theme, The State of Nigeria’s Oil and Gas Industry: Opportunities and Challenges,” provides an opportunity to examine where we are, what needs attention, and what it will take to move forward.

The conversation brings the perspective of businesses and professionals directly involved in delivering the work of the industry.

That perspective connects investment plans and policy ambitions with the people, equipment, skills and services needed to put them into practice.

Faluyi, remarked, “When we speak about indigenous capacity, we are speaking about the engineer solving a difficult problem, the technician maintaining critical equipment, the fabricator producing to the required standard, and the young professional gaining the experience to take on greater responsibility.

“We are also speaking about entrepreneurs who invest in facilities, develop their teams and carry the responsibility of delivering work safely, reliably and competitively.”

He argued that the opportunities and challenges before these businesses deserve attention because their ability to grow has implications for employment, skills development and the value Nigeria retains fromits petroleum resources.

“As we consider the industry’s future, we should therefore ask practical questions. How can investment create more opportunities for capable Nigerian companies? What will enable these businesses to strengthen their expertise and compete on quality? How can young Nigerians gain the practical experience needed to build lasting careers in the sector?

He said these are questions worth examining carefully, with evidence and with an understanding of the realities of doing the work.

According to him, Technical experience is valuable, and so is the ability to explain that experience clearly, answer questions and listen to different perspectives.

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Pandemic Profiteering Demands More Than a Doctor’s Prosecution

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By Fransiscus Nanga Roka

A patient was treated every ninth second, which alone would suggest that there were problems with emergency health care spending before the use of federal money from the U.S.

Treasury. Dr. Joseph A. Montes’ prosecution in Houston has raised concerns regarding how well emergency health care spending could distinguish between legitimate medical services and possibly a fraudulent billing scheme.

Montes, 66, was indicted on twelve federal charges on September 30, 2026. The indictment was unsealed on October 6, 2026 by the Justice Department. Prosecutors allege that from 2020 to 2022, Montes’ clinics were reimbursed approximately $20 million out of the $30 million that the clinics claimed to receive from the Health Resources and Services Administration.

As of now, these allegations are merely charges, and therefore Montes remains presumed innocent.

The prosecutors state that how he was able to commit these offenses was quite straightforward. He established pop-up COVID-19 clinic locations using his own name; collected nasal swabs from individuals attending those clinic locations; and submitted billing to insurance companies for “office visits” which the prosecutors allege did not occur. From January to November 2021, the prosecutors believe he submitted approximately 3,000 evaluation-and-management claims during at least 29 separate time

frames. Along with the claims, prosecutors are also alleging he paid for a purchase of a high-end vehicle from a car dealer and items from Tiffany & Co.

If this is indeed correct, it would represent a massive breach of confidence that has been placed upon physicians. This would indicate that all people that had gone to seek testing during the time period of the pandemic were being used as mere tools to extract money from the public.

The mathematics of this situation are extremely important to ensure the accuracy of the data. For example, simply because there were 9,000 claims submitted in a single day doesn’t necessarily mean that 9,000 consultations occurred that same day. In many cases, a legitimate provider can send in multiple claims at once as part of a batch. Therefore, investigators will need to determine when services were provided; who was responsible for providing those services; what percentage of the total number of employees working during the period of service provision; whether documentation exists regarding the services provided; and if patients were actually seen by clinicians.

This is intended to provide greater responsibility for your actions. When you discover something unusual or out of place (an anomaly), this should encourage you to delve deeper into the matter. To establish evidence of fraud, you need to provide supporting documentation.

This is a much broader policy question that cannot be avoided. Although emergency reimbursement needs to occur quickly, when quick reimbursements occur without a reasonable degree of verification, there are many opportunities for abuse. At the same time, if all reimbursements were frozen indiscriminately, then we may create a great deal of financial stress for legitimate health care professionals and limit patient access to necessary care. Therefore, an appropriate level of monitoring must distinguish between suspected fraudulent billing practices and the high-volume use of tests. Washington needs five concrete reforms.

The next generation of emergency program administrators, including HRSA, must develop and use billing validation systems to check whether the billed service is consistent with the documented clinical capability. When a large volume of services is billed, and it appears highly unlikely that such a service can be delivered given the clinical capability documented, then an immediate human review is required. For the purpose of protecting legitimate providers from unfairly having their payments reduced or withheld, the human reviews will have time limits for responses and a formalized appeal process.

The second condition is that there needs to be an identifiable relationship between each of the encounters being reimbursed, the date of service, the clinician performing the service, and any other pertinent documentation. In addition, the billing agent may not use their authority to convert a diagnostic test into a separate consultation and then bill separately for that diagnostic test.

The third way to help patients identify fraudulent claims is to send patients simple, clear notifications about which services they received that are being charged to them. Also, providing an easy-to-use way for patients to challenge those charges will help patients spot potential fraudulent claims without sharing too much of their personal health information.

The fourth step for both Congress and the Inspector General at HHS is to have an outside entity conduct an assessment of the program’s control mechanisms (e.g., how often people receive warning notices, if people acknowledge receiving warning notices, what the payment contractor did once they received warning notices) using an objective analysis. There is enough evidence in the indictment to indicate that the program’s control mechanisms were insufficient, however there is no evidence that indicates negligence on the part of regulatory agencies.

Fifth, prosecutors must pursue every participant as established through evidence, and once their guilt is determined, the prosecutor may use the law to recover the criminal proceeds. Each disciplinary action against a professional will be based on an independent review of the evidence and in order to safeguard the right to due process.

Successful performance of a program is measured by the reduction of incorrect payments, resolution time of alerts, money collected from fraud, and continuous availability of legitimate healthcare services for individuals who require them rather than solely through the number of arrests.

A global lesson about emergency medical services funding has been learned from outside of Houston. Each government which provides financial assistance to emergency medical service providers must create a governance framework as part of its funding application.

A criminal court will determine whether one physician is accountable for what occurred. At the same time, a public inquiry should establish whether the system created to protect emergency healthcare funding was adequate enough to accomplish this. The taxpayers would like to have answers from the government as well. The patients are looking for a system that can understand its mistakes before the next crisis occurs.

Fransiscus Nanga Roka

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