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Nigeria at Sixty Five Years: A Free and Egalitarian Nation

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By Uji Wilfred Terlumun

Over sixty years ago, Nigeria, like other nations of the world, set out on the journey to be an independent nation free from the shackles of slavery, oppression and inequality.Nigeria, like the United States of America, had an ambitious and utopian dream where people could be free with equal access and opportunities to development, protection and security.

In the United States of America, Independence was attained not on a platter of gold without blood and sacrifice, but, mobilized through the people in a sustained revolutionary warfare against Great Britain.
The American Revolution that led to the Independence of 1774, was a mass revolution that produced a declaration of freedom, justice and human rights.
The declaration of freedom simply stated that”All men are born equal with certain alienable rights endowed them by God irrespective of race, creed and nationality.”Undoubtedly, the American declaration of freedom became the basic comer stone and driving force that has continued to shape some define the struggle for the realization of freedom in America from the American Civil War leading up the Civil Rights Movement up to the Affirmative Action Movement that secured the basic human rights of minority groups in the United States of America. America is an embodiment of freedom and the struggle for freedom, whatever it entails, has been the major driving force of United States political history since the era of the founding fathers.Nigeria became an Independent Nation on the First of October, 1960, not through a revolutionary struggle, but rather, through a systematic compromise and collaboration with the International capitalist system that agreed on a transfer of political power to the ruling political class of Nigeria while the commanding heights of the economy were controlled by the international capitalist system. Nigeria’s Independence, unlike that of the United States of America, came short of a revolutionary declaration of freedom as the basic articles of freedom that all Nigerians, irrespective of ethnicity and religion, are entitled to.The founding fathers of Nigeria such as Dr Nnamdi Akiziwe, Anthony Enahoro, Obafemi Awolowo , described the Flag Independence of Nigeria as the transfer of political power to the national political ruling class, on a platter of gold. They lamented that Nigeria’s Independence struggle did not produce Martyrs and heroes as compared to other nations like the Congo, Algeria, Egypt etc. In the First, Second and Third National Development Plan, Nigeria produced a national development blueprint that expressed the ideas of freedom and justice. Upon independence, the foundation father’s of Nigeria envisaged”A free, just, egalitarian and dynamic nation full of bright and equal opportunities for all” The first acid test of a free and egalitarian society in Nigeria was the civil war between 1967 and 1971, which many analyst including some international observers described as a modern genocide war against the Ibo nationality. One of Nigeria’s founding father’s endorsed and deployed the weaponization of hunger against the Ibo nationality as a strategy of war.Whatever the misgivings and the differences, in terms of the polemics of blame and perspectives to the war, the Nigerian civil war, to some extent, did not secure freedom and justice for the Ibo nationality. The evidence for this kind of assertion is manifest in the contemporary struggle by the Movement for the Sovereign State of Biafra by the IPOD.Over fifty years after the civil war, the nostalgia and euphoria of a Biafran nation, there was a country that, in the words of Chinua Achebe, still exists in the soul and consciousness of the Ibo people.The Post civil war era came up with the policy of Reconciliation, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, to reposition the integration of the Ibo people into mainstream Nigeria. Despite these efforts at national reconciliation and rehabilitation, people of Ibo nationality have not witnessed nor seen a free and egalitarian Nigeria where they have the kind of freedom and liberty enjoyed by the other major ethnic groups of the Fulani and Yoruba. In the military, national politics and economy, the dream of egalitarianism and freedom seems distant and isolated to the Ibo nationality.The American civil war was a defining point and compass for black African emancipation and freedom but the Nigerian civil war could not attain the objective of freedom and equality for the Ibo people. Through the institutionalization of ethnicity and religion, the Ibo have suffered marginalization and isolation from holding strategic military and leadership positions in Nigeria.We have to pause for a minute, is Nigeria a just, free and egalitarian society. On paper, we seem to have a declaration of freedom but in practice and reality, what exist is inequality and injustice. For instance, Nigeria’s national anthem, inherited from the colonial past, described and referred to Nigerians as “tribes and tongue”, a sense of disunity and unbalanced society. The national anthem further prayed and requested for God to help build a nation where no man is oppressed. From the beginning of our nationhood what the nation envisaged was the existence of tribes and tongues that were under one form of oppression and injustice. In other words, disunity and injustice which dated back to the colonial foundations that created a tripartite system which gave preponderance to the politics of regionalism and ethnicity. Arising from the contradictions of the tripartite system fueled and exacerbated by centrifugal and centripetal forces, Nigeria’s dream of a free, just and egalitarian society has remained an illusion and a sham.In contemporary times, Nigeria’s dream of a free and just society has come under further scrutiny and test. The rise of militant political Islam in the far Northern Nigeria has given birth to the Boko HaramMovement and the Islamic State, with the biggest and greatest threat to a free, just and egalitarian society.In recent times, in addition to the Nigerian civil war, militant political Islam with it’s deadly concomitant of militant herdsmen, constitutes another major acid test of Nigeria’s free and egalitarian society. How free and unjust is a nation where the Boko Haram Movement took hundreds of captives of School Children in the Chibok and Dapchi school invasion that defiled every diplomatic and military efforts by the Nigerian Government to free the captives and return them back home to their parents.The story of Leah, captured by the Chibok invasion has reminded us of the struggle for freedom and intersected by the resilience and determination of Minority Christian Groups in Nigeria to be free and just people. The Boko Haram Movement with a sense of brutality and impunity decapitated Christian Leaders who believed and exercised their fundamental right of freedom of conscience and expression.On the heels of the Boko Haram Movement, Militant Herdsmen Milita Groups led by Meyyiti Allah Katohore rolled out some of the bloodiest and gruesome genocides of the twenty first century across Northern Nigeria. The most recent episodes has been the genocide at Yelwata in July of this year that attracted the condemnation of the global community, the Papacy in the Vatican, as a massacre. Despite the prompt intervention of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, the hideous and cruel killings of innocent and defenceless rural farmers, with the dislocations of their economy with the attending consequences of mass displacement of populations as refugees facing a looming food insecurity and hunger, all of these have continued to shape and define the political and social landscaping of Nigeria on a day to day basis.North Central of Nigeria in particular has been reduced to the worst theatres of violent conflicts and ethnic decimation that negates the idea and sense of a free and just society. In States such as Nasarawa State, Plateau State and Benue State, as well as Taraba in the North East, their is an Institutionalized process of Modern Slavery and land grabbing which has led to the displacement of minority groups in the hands ethnic majorities of the respective states. Some of the land grabbing issues and cases of genocide have attracted legal litigation in some courts of law.In conclusion, how just, free and egalitarian is Nigeria where the poverty rate is as high as seventy percent with a rising rural unemployment, food insecurity as well as a galloping inflation and interest rates that is over fifteen percent. Recent statistics from the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, including Nigeria’s National Board of Statistics and the Central Bank, indicates growth in the informal nano sector but expressed dismay and concern at a rising poverty and unemployment in general terms. These statistics underscore the strategic consideration of the impact of poverty and helplessness against the true meaning of a just and free society.It is important to note that as a nation, we may have made progress here and there but the degree of anomie and helplessness is wide spread cutting across the entire population and segment of society and it is deplorable and deep as the days go by.President Bola Ahmed Tinubu under the Social Investment schemes of his administration has reached out to millions of Nigerians creating millions of jobs but, his reform and transformational agenda should be matched side by side with the urgent national need to protect and defend minority groups and rights especially vulnerable groups such as women, children, christians, old people etc. There is need for theFederal Government to establish a National Bureau for Ethnic Relations and Inter Group Unity to handle and manage the challenge of ethnic engineering and inter group relations.There is a need for a national agency that manages and engineers the complex and often diverse and explosive nature of ethnic relations in Nigeria moreso as it touches on the fundamental issues of a free, just and egalitarian society.

NEWS

Ooni Hails Adeniyi’s Leadership, Says Tinubu’s Commendation Reflects Confidence in Customs Boss

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By Tambaya Julius, Abuja

The Ooni of Ife, Oba Adeyeye Ogunwusi II, has described President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s public commendation of the Comptroller-General of Customs, Adewale Adeniyi, as a clear indication of the confidence and trust reposed in the Customs chief by the Federal Government.

The revered monarch said Adeniyi’s performance at the helm of the Nigeria Customs Service, coupled with his contributions to community development, has brought pride to both the ancient Ife Kingdom and the Modakeke community.

Oba Ogunwusi made the remarks during an annual Eid-el-Kabir gathering hosted by the Comptroller-General at his residence in Modakeke.

The event drew an array of dignitaries, including traditional rulers, political leaders, senior Customs officers, community stakeholders, family members, friends, and associates.

Speaking at the gathering, the Ooni noted that President Tinubu’s public expression of satisfaction with Adeniyi’s performance was significant and underscored the Customs chief’s leadership qualities and achievements.

“We are very proud of him and the work he is doing. When Mr President publicly expressed satisfaction with his performance, it was not a casual statement. It reflects trust in his capacity and the results he is delivering.

What he is doing in the Customs Service and in the community shows that he is a unifier,” the monarch said.

Reaffirming the support of the Ife Kingdom for the Customs boss, Oba Ogunwusi added that Adeniyi’s ability to bring people together exemplifies true leadership.

“He brings people together, and that is what leadership is about. We will continue to stand by him and pray for him,” he stated.

In his remarks, Adeniyi expressed appreciation to the Ooni, community leaders, family members, friends, associates, and other well-wishers for their continued support and goodwill.

He described Eid-el-Kabir as a period that highlights the values of sacrifice, gratitude, obedience, and service to humanity, stressing that such occasions provide an opportunity to strengthen relationships and reflect on the collective responsibility of nation-building.

According to the Customs chief, the Nigeria Customs Service has continued to make notable strides in revenue generation, trade facilitation, anti-smuggling operations, technological innovation, and corporate social responsibility initiatives in line with the economic objectives of the Federal Government.

Adeniyi said the Service remains committed to supporting President Tinubu’s Renewed Hope Agenda through reforms aimed at facilitating legitimate trade, enhancing national security, improving compliance, and creating opportunities for economic growth.

He further disclosed that the Service has expanded community-focused interventions across the country, including educational support programmes, healthcare initiatives, and other projects designed to improve the welfare of Nigerians.

The Comptroller-General assured stakeholders that the Service would continue to pursue reforms that strengthen its operations and deliver greater value to the nation while upholding professionalism, transparency, and excellence in service delivery.

He also expressed gratitude to President Tinubu for the opportunity to serve the country and reaffirmed the commitment of the Nigeria Customs Service to supporting government policies aimed at driving economic prosperity and national development.

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Foreign News

Five Patients Recover from Ebola in DR Congo

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Health authorities in the Democratic Republic of Congo are celebrating after five patients, who had Ebola and now recovered, were allowed to leave the hospital.

The current outbreak is suspected to have killed almost 250 people.

But those infected can get better and officials stress that people should seek medical help if they believe they have contracted the virus.

On Sunday, there was a ceremony for a group of four nurses who were discharged from a hospital in Bunia, the provincial capital of Ituri, the epicentre of the outbreak.

“We were really demoralised because we knew that at some point… we were going to die. That was it… I’m telling you, if you have never been isolated, you will not know that it’s not easy,” Nurse Etienne Ezo told the Reuters news agency as he reflected on his experience.

The first survivor, a laboratory worker, to have recovered left hospital last week.

Health workers are on the frontline in the battle against the spread of the virus and are often the most at risk.

“This encouraging milestone bears witness to the effectiveness of field interventions: early detection, medical care, contact tracing and community engagement,” DR Congo’s Institute of Public Health wrote on social media.

Its director, Dr. Mwamba Kazadi, described the recoveries as a victory worth celebrating, adding that early detection and strong care make a difference.

Tedros has called on communities to work with medical staff after some residents attacked health centres over strict burial rules. The bodies of those suspected of having died of Ebola are not allowed to be handled by grieving relatives, regulations which clash with local traditions.

In a joint statement with the Congolese government on Sunday, he said local communities are “at the heart of the solution” and that “success” in their response depends on their trust and engagement.

“Persistent challenges include early detection and isolation of cases, contact tracing, safe and dignified burials, robust infection prevention and control in health facilities, and strong community awareness.

“The Government and WHO call on all communities to continue adopting protective behaviours, including regular hand hygiene, early care seeking in health facilities, and sharing accurate information.”

There are now more than 1,000 suspected Ebola cases in the DR Congo, and at least 246 deaths. Neighbouring Uganda has reported nine confirmed cases and one death.

But in some affected areas, there is a sense of normality. In Bunia, schools and markets are open as people continue to go about their daily activities.

The current outbreak – the 17th in DR Cngo’s history – is caused by the Bundibugyo species of Ebola, which has no approved vaccines, though some are being worked on now.

While cases are concentrated in DR Congo’s Ituri, North and South Kivu provinces, and some in Uganda’s capital Kampala, people have also been tested outside of Africa.

Health officials in Brazil said on Saturday that they were investigating two suspected Ebola cases in São Paulo state.

Meanwhile, protests have erupted in the Kenyan town of Nanyuki over US plans to construct an Ebola quarantine facility for American citizens at an air base.

Residents marching through the streets say the facility may expose local people to infection and an outbreak of the virus. There have been no recorded cases of Ebola in the country.

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NEWS

Wike Begs Abuja Residents for Cattle Roaming FCT Major Roads

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By Laide Akinboade Abuja

Minister of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Nyesom Wike on Monday took responsibility for the continued presence of cattle on major roads and streets across Abuja.

Wike stated this during his monthly media briefing in Abuja.

Wike expressed regret over the development and assured residents that the administration remains committed to addressing it.

According to Wike, “I apologise that up till now there are cows still roaming the streets of Abuja, I take responsibility”.

FCT Minister, noted that the infrastructural development in satellite towns and rural communities has significantly helped to reduce insecurity and improve access to farmlands across the territory.

He stressed that his administration deliberately shifted attention to neglected rural communities after extensive consultations with traditional rulers, youths, women and other stakeholders who identified poor road infrastructure as a major factor fueling insecurity.

According to him, communities complained that security agencies often found it difficult to pursue criminals because many rural roads were impassable.

“What we did was to go to the rural areas and interact with the stakeholders, the chiefs, the youths, the women and other leaders,” Wike said.

“What I found very interesting is that they know their terrain. They told us most of the roads were not passable at all and that even when attacks occurred, security operatives could not effectively respond because the roads were bad. So we took on the task and built the roads they themselves nominated.”

The minister said the intervention has yielded positive results, particularly in Kuje Area Council, where several road projects have been completed.

“Those roads have been built, and it really helps in terms of reducing insecurity and in terms of having access to their farmland,” he stated.

Wike stressed that unlike previous administrations that announced policies without implementation, the current FCT Administration was focused on delivering tangible results.

“Whatever policies we make, by the grace of God, we will implement them. That is how people are going to see the impact of governance, particularly in the rural areas,” he said.

The minister also disclosed that President Bola Tinubu would commission several major projects in satellite towns as part of activities marking the administration’s anniversary.

Among the projects are water schemes in Kuje, Orozo, Gwagwalada and Dobi, which he said would improve access to potable water in underserved communities.

“We can’t concentrate only on the city. We must also move to the satellite towns and provide them with critical infrastructure,” Wike said.

He revealed that the water projects were executed by CGC and are ready for commissioning, adding that two area councils have already benefited from the intervention between 2025 and 2026.

The minister further listed several road projects completed or nearing completion across the territory, including the A2-Pai road, the Bwari-Kubwa corridor, roads in Dei-Dei, and sections of the A3 highway.

According to him, the Bwari-Kubwa road will be completed this year, while work is progressing on the Abuja airport corridor and the Zuba-Airport link road aimed at reducing traffic congestion within the city centre.

Wike also announced plans to review the Abuja Master Plan, saying discussions with the original Japanese designers have been scheduled for July.

“The world has changed. The world is different. You have to conform with current realities,” he said, noting that the administration was committed to ensuring development aligns with modern urban planning needs.

The minister urged residents and the media to embrace constructive engagements with the government by drawing attention to areas requiring intervention rather than merely criticizing public policies.

“Government can’t do everything. If citizens call our attention to certain things and make useful suggestions, we can act on them. Constructive criticism is important,” he added.

Wike also disclosed that the FCT Administration is constructing additional hostel accommodation for students at the Nigerian Law School as part of efforts to improve educational infrastructure in the capital city.

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